From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This list of
Russian
biologists includes the famous biologists from the
Russian Federation , the
Soviet Union , the
Russian Empire and other predecessor states of Russia. Biologists of all specialities may be listed here, including
ecologists ,
botanists ,
zoologists ,
paleontologists ,
biochemists ,
physiologists and others.
Alphabetical list
A
Bolotov
B
Karl Ernst von Baer , naturalist, founder of the
Russian Entomological Society , formulated
embryological
Baer's laws
Alexander Barchenko , notable for his research of
Hyperborea
Jacques von Bedriaga , prominent
herpetologist , described
Bedriaga's rock lizard and
Bedriaga's skink
Andrey Belozersky , founder of
molecular biology
Dmitry Belyayev ,
domesticated silver fox
Lev Berg ,
ichthyologist of
Central Asia and
European Russia
Yuli Berkovich , experimented with seed germination in zero gravity
Nikolai Bernstein , neurophysiologist, coined the term
biomechanics
Vladimir Betz , discovered giant pyramidal neurons of
primary motor cortex
Anatoli Petrovich Bogdanov ,
biologist
Andrey Bolotov , major 18th-century
agriculturist , discovered
dichogamy , pioneered
cross-pollination
August von Bongard ,
botanist of
Alaska , discoverer of
Sitka spruce and
red alder
Antonina Borissova , botanist
Zinaida Botschantzeva , botanist
Alexander Bunge , major botanist of
Siberia (especially
Altai )
Alexey Bystrow , paleontologist
C
D
Ilya Darevsky , biologist
Nikolay Dubinin , studied the genetic basis of the human individuality in different populations; studied variability and heritability of neuro, and psychodynamic parameters
E
F
G
Ivanovsky
I
J
K
Kozo-Polyansky
Georgii Karpechenko , inventor of
rabbage , an early experimental
allopolyploid and non-sterile
hybrid obtained through
crossbreeding of distant species
Karl Fedorovich Kessler , zoologist
Alexander Keyserling , zoologist
Nikolai Koltsov , discoverer of
cytoskeleton
Vladimir Komarov ,
plant geographer , President of the
Soviet Academy of Sciences , founder of the
Komarov Botanical Institute
Aleksei Alekseevich Korotnev , zoologist
Alexander Kovalevsky , embryologist, major researcher of
gastrulation
Vladimir Kovalevsky , studied the effect of
meteorological ,
hydrological , and
temperature factors on
harvest
Alexey Kondrashov , works on
evolutionary genetics . Developed the
deterministic mutation hypothesis explaining the maintenance of sexual reproduction,
sympatric speciation , and evaluated
mutation rates
Boris Kozo-Polyansky , botanist, and evolutionary biologist. First to support the theory of
symbiogenesis with Darwinian evolution, and first director of The B.M. Kozo-Polyansky Botanical Garden of
Voronezh State University .
August David Krohn , pioneer in marine biology and published essential works on
Chaetognatha (arrow worms)
Peter Kropotkin zoologist
Ludmila Kuprianova , botanist
Andrei Kursanov , major physiologist and biochemist
Sergei Kurzanov , paleontologist
Nikolai Jakovlevice Kusnezov ,
entomologist
L
Alexander Lebedev , known for his work on the biochemical basis of behavior
Olga Lepeshinskaya , advocate of
spontaneous generation
Ivan Lepyokhin , botanist
Peter Lesgaft , founder of the modern system of physical education, one of the founders of theoretical anatomy
Vladimir Ippolitovich Lipsky , botanist
Dmitry Litvinov , botanist
Trofim Lysenko , agronomist, developer of
yarovization , infamous for
lysenkoism
Merezhkovsky
Michurin
M
Evgeny Maleev , discoverer of
Talarurus ,
Tarbosaurus , and
Therizinosaurus
Karl Maximovich , pioneer researcher of the
Far Eastern
flora
Ilya Mechnikov , pioneer researcher of
immune system ,
probiotics and
phagocytosis , coined the term
gerontology ,
Nobel Prize in Medicine winner
Zhores Medvedev , biologist
Ivan Vladimirovich Michurin , botanist
Nicholas Miklouho-Maclay ,
ethnologist
Sergei Mirkin ,
DNA researcher
Andrey Vasilyevich Martynov ,
entomologist
Mikhail Menzbier , major
ornithologist , discoverer of the
Menzbier's marmot
Konstantin Merezhkovsky , major
lichenologist , developer of
symbiogenesis theory, a founder of
endosymbiosis theory
Ivan Michurin ,
pomologist ,
selectionist and
geneticist , practiced
crossing of geographically distant plants, created hundreds of fruit
cultivars
Alexander Middendorf , zoologist and explorer, studied the influence of
permafrost on living beings, coined the term "
radula ",
horse breeder
Victor Motschulsky ,
coleopterologist (researcher of
beetles )
Dmitrii Mushketov , paleontologist
N
O
P
Heinz Christian Pander , embryologist, discoverer of
germ layers
Peter Simon Pallas , polymath naturalist and explorer, discoverer of multiple animals, including the
Pallas's cat ,
Pallas's squirrel , and
Pallas's gull
Vladimir Pasechnik ,
biologist
Ivan Pavlov , founder of modern
physiology , the first to research
classical conditioning , Nobel Prize in Medicine winner
Alexander Petrunkevitch , eminent arachnologist of his time. Described over 130 spider species
Nikolay Pirogov , founded
field surgery . Was one of the first surgeons in Europe to use ether as an
anaesthetic
Vladimir Pravdich-Neminsky , published the first
EEG and the
evoked potential of the mammalian brain
Yevgenia Georgievna Pobedimova , botanist and plant collector, notably in Russia, Ukraine and North Asia
Maria Prokhorova , biologist and physiologist, did a research on
gas gangrene during the
Great Patriotic War
Nikolai Przhevalsky , explorer and naturalist, brought vast collections from Central Asia, discovered
the only extant species of wild horse
R
Lina Stern
Timiryazev
S
Ivan Schmalhausen , developer of
modern evolutionary synthesis
Leopold von Schrenck , ethnographer, zoologist, discovered the
Amur sturgeon ,
Manchurian black water snake and
Schrenck's bittern
Boris Schwanwitsch , entomologist, applied colour patterns of insect wings to
military camouflage during
World War II
Ivan Sechenov , founder of
electrophysiology and
neurophysiology
Andrey Semyonov-Tyan-Shansky , entomologist
Aleksandr Grigorevich Sharov , paleontologist
Vladimir Shevyakov , zoologist,
protistologist
Pyotr Shirshov ,
hydrobiologist , participant of many arctic expeditions including the first
drifting ice station ,
North Pole-1 , researched
plankton in polar regions and proved there is life in high altitudes of the
Arctic Ocean , founded and headed the
Shirshov Institute of Oceanology
Victor Shmidt , zoologist, leading Russian specialist in
microscopic anatomy and
embryology
Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Shmuk , studied the
biochemistry of tobacco
Julian Simashko , zoologist
Norair Sisakian , biochemist, one of the founders of
space biology , pioneer in biochemistry of sub-cell structures and technical biochemistry
Alexey Skvortsov , botanist
Boris Sergeyevich Sokolov , paleontologist
Alexander Spirin , made significant contributions to the
biochemistry of
nucleic acids , and
protein biosynthesis
Yaroslav Starobogatov , zoologist
Georg Wilhelm Steller , naturalist, participant of
Vitus Bering 's voyages, discoverer of
Steller's jay ,
Steller's eider , extinct
Steller's sea cow and multiple other animals
Lina Stern , pioneer researcher of
blood–brain barrier and first female full member of the
Russian Academy of Sciences
Vladimir Sukachev ,
geobotanist
T
Armen Takhtajan , developer of
Takhtajan system of
flowering plant classification, major
biogeographer
Valery Taliev , the founder of concept of the role of man in the spreading of plants during Holocene,
geobotanist
Aleksandr Tikhomirov , zoologist
Kliment Timiryazev , plant physiologist and evolutionist, major researcher of
chlorophyll
Nikolai Timofeeff-Ressovsky , major researcher of
radiation genetics ,
population genetics , and
microevolution
Vladimir Andreevich Tranzschel ,
mycologist , expert on
rust fungi
Lev Tsenkovsky , pioneer researcher of the
ontogenesis of
lower plants and animals
Mikhail Tsvet , inventor of
chromatography
Mikhail Voronin , major researcher of
fungi and
plant pathology
Vavilov
Vinogradsky
V
Nikolai Vavilov , botanist and geneticist, gathered the world's largest collection of plant
seeds , identified the
centres of origin of main cultivated plants
Vladimir Vernadsky , founded
biogeochemistry , pioneered research into the
noosphere
Olga Vinogradova , accomplished
neuroscientist
Sergey Vinogradsky , microbiologist, ecologist, and soil scientist, pioneered the
biogeochemical cycle concept, discovered
lithotrophy and
chemosynthesis , invented the
Winogradsky column for breeding of
microorganisms
Roman Vishniac , biologist
W
Y
Z
See also
References