Chess is a board game for two players, called White and Black, each controlling an army of chess pieces, with the objective to checkmate the opponent's king. It is sometimes called international chess or Western chess to distinguish it from related games such as xiangqi (Chinese chess) and shogi (Japanese chess). The recorded history of chess goes back at least to the emergence of a similar game, chaturanga, in seventh-century India. The rules of chess as they are known today emerged in Europe at the end of the 15th century, with standardization and universal acceptance by the end of the 19th century. Today, chess is one of the world's most popular games, and is played by millions of people worldwide.
Chess is an abstract strategy game that involves no hidden information and no elements of chance. It is played on a chessboard with 64 squares arranged in an 8×8 grid. At the start, each player controls sixteen pieces: one king, one queen, two rooks, two bishops, two knights, and eight pawns. White moves first, followed by Black. The game is won by checkmating the opponent's king, i.e. threatening it with inescapable capture. There are also several ways a game can end in a draw.
Organized chess arose in the 19th century. Chess competition today is governed internationally by FIDE (Fédération Internationale des Échecs; the International Chess Federation). The first universally recognized World Chess Champion, Wilhelm Steinitz, claimed his title in 1886; Ding Liren is the current World Champion. A huge body of chess theory has developed since the game's inception. Aspects of art are found in chess composition, and chess in its turn influenced Western culture and the arts, and has connections with other fields such as mathematics, computer science, and psychology. ( Full article...)
The rules of chess (also known as the laws of chess) govern the play of the game of chess. Chess is a two-player abstract strategy board game. Each player controls sixteen pieces of six types on a chessboard. Each type of piece moves in a distinct way. The object of the game is to checkmate the opponent's king; checkmate occurs when a king is threatened with capture and has no escape. A game can end in various ways besides checkmate: a player can resign, and there are several ways a game can end in a draw.
While the exact origins of chess are unclear, modern rules first took form during the Middle Ages. The rules continued to be slightly modified until the early 19th century, when they reached essentially their current form. The rules also varied somewhat from region to region. Today, the standard rules are set by FIDE (Fédération Internationale des Échecs), the international governing body for chess. Slight modifications are made by some national organizations for their own purposes. There are variations of the rules for fast chess, correspondence chess, online chess, and Chess960. ( Full article...)Rank | Player | Rating |
---|---|---|
1 | Magnus Carlsen | 2830 |
2 | Fabiano Caruana | 2803 |
3 | Hikaru Nakamura | 2789 |
4 | Nodirbek Abdusattorov | 2765 |
5 | Ding Liren | 2762 |
6 | Alireza Firouzja | 2760 |
7 | Ian Nepomniachtchi | 2758 |
8 | Wesley So | 2757 |
9 | Arjun Erigaisi | 2756 |
10 | Wei Yi | 2755 |
11 | Viswanathan Anand | 2751 |
12 | Sergey Karjakin | 2750 |
13 | Leinier Dominguez | 2748 |
14 | Praggnanandhaa R | 2747 |
15 | Anish Giri | 2745 |
16 | Gukesh D | 2743 |
17 | Shakhriyar Mamedyarov | 2733 |
18 | Parham Maghsoodloo | 2732 |
19 | Maxime Vachier-Lagrave | 2732 |
20 | Jan-Krzysztof Duda | 2731 |
Index: | A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z (0–9) |
Glossary: | A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z |
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