Parvularia atlantis is a filopodiated amoeba which was isolated from a lake in
Atlanta and deposited in the American Type Culture Collection (
ATCC) under the name Nuclearia sp. ATCC 50694 on 1997 by
TK Sawyer. It was classified under the genus Nuclearia and morphologically resembles to Nuclearia species, although it is smaller (the diameter of the cell body measures approximately 4 µm compared to Nuclearia species, which range between 9-60 µm). Later it was determined that it
phylogenetically belongs to a new nucleariid lineage.,[1] distantly related to Nuclearia and Fonticula genera – the other two previously described nucleriid genera.
Thus, Parvularia atlantis emerged as a new genus and a new species at the onset of
Holomycota, which contain a set of phylogenetic and morphological characteristics that make this species unique. P. atlantis feeds on rod-shaped bacteria and present uni- or bi- nucleated cells. During its life cycle, P. atlantis can form spherical cystic cells which contain an embedded extracellular coat. P. atlantis is not the first case in which a
filopodiated amoeba was misassigned to the Nuclearia genera. The amoeba Capsaspora owczarzaki was previously described as well as a Nuclearia,[2] until phylogenetic approaches placed Capsaspora outside Holomycota, within
Holozoans.[3][4][5][6][7]
Its transcriptomic data is already available.[8][9][10]
^Owczarzak, A.; Stibbs, H. H.; Bayne, C. J. (1980-01-01). "The destruction of Schistosoma mansoni mother sporocysts in vitro by amoebae isolated from Biomphalaria glabrata: an ultrastructural study". Journal of Invertebrate Pathology. 35 (1): 26–33.
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10.1016/0022-2011(80)90079-8.
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^Zettler, Linda a. Amaral; Nerad, Thomas A.; O'kelly, Charles J.; Sogin, Mitchell L. (2001-05-01). "The Nucleariid Amoebae: More Protists at the Animal-Fungal Boundary". Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology. 48 (3): 293–297.
doi:
10.1111/j.1550-7408.2001.tb00317.x.
ISSN1550-7408.
PMID11411837.
S2CID44548329.
^Hertel, Lynn A; Bayne, Christopher J; Loker, Eric S (2002-08-01). "The symbiont Capsaspora owczarzaki, nov. gen. nov. sp., isolated from three strains of the pulmonate snail Biomphalaria glabrata is related to members of the Mesomycetozoea". International Journal for Parasitology. 32 (9): 1183–1191.
doi:
10.1016/S0020-7519(02)00066-8.
PMID12117501.
^Ruiz-Trillo, Iňaki; Lane, Christopher E.; Archibald, John M.; Roger, Andrew J. (2006-09-01). "Insights into the Evolutionary Origin and Genome Architecture of the Unicellular Opisthokonts Capsaspora owczarzaki and Sphaeroforma arctica". Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology. 53 (5): 379–384.
doi:
10.1111/j.1550-7408.2006.00118.x.
ISSN1550-7408.
PMID16968456.
S2CID24862220.