| Erythranthe bicolor | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Lamiales |
| Family: | Phrymaceae |
| Genus: | Erythranthe |
| Species: | E. bicolor
|
| Binomial name | |
| Erythranthe bicolor | |
Erythranthe bicolor, the yellow and white monkeyflower, [1] [2] is a species of flowering plant in the lopseed family ( Phrymaceae). It is endemic to California, United States. It was formerly known as Mimulus bicolor. [3] [4] [5] [6]
Description
It is an annual herb producing a hairy, erect stem 4 to 27 centimeters tall. The linear to nearly oval leaves are each up to 3 centimeters long and arranged in opposite pairs about the stem. The tubular base of the flower is surrounded by a reddish-green freckled calyx of sepals with small, pointed lobes. The flower corolla is one to two centimeters long and divided into two lips. These vary in color but often the upper lip is white and the lower is yellow. The upper lip has two lobes and the lower has three. Each lobe has two sub-lobes at its tip.
Distribution and habitat
The yellow and white monkeyflower grows in mountains and foothills from the Klamath Range through the Sierra to the Tehachapi Mountains. It grows in moist or wet areas, often on clay soils. [7]
References
- ^ USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Mimulus bicolor". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 2018-10-30.
- ^ "Erythranthe bicolor". Calflora. Berkeley, California: The Calflora Database.
- ^ Barker, W.R.; Nesom, G.L.; Beardsley, P.M.; Fraga, N.S. (2012), "A taxonomic conspectus of Phrymaceae: A narrowed circumscriptions for Mimulus, new and resurrected genera, and new names and combinations" (PDF), Phytoneuron, 2012–39: 1–60
- ^ Beardsley, P. M.; Yen, Alan; Olmstead, R. G. (2003). "AFLP Phylogeny of Mimulus Section Erythranthe and the Evolution of Hummingbird Pollination". Evolution. 57 (6): 1397–1410. doi: 10.1554/02-086. JSTOR 3448862. PMID 12894947. S2CID 198154155.
- ^ Beardsley, P. M.; Olmstead, R. G. (2002). "Redefining Phrymaceae: the placement of Mimulus, tribe Mimuleae, and Phryma". American Journal of Botany. 89 (7): 1093–1102. doi: 10.3732/ajb.89.7.1093. JSTOR 4122195. PMID 21665709.
- ^ Beardsley, P. M.; Schoenig, Steve E.; Whittall, Justen B.; Olmstead, Richard G. (2004). "Patterns of Evolution in Western North American Mimulus (Phrymaceae)". American Journal of Botany. 91 (3): 474–4890. doi: 10.3732/ajb.91.3.474. JSTOR 4123743. PMID 21653403.
- ^ Jepson Manual Treatment