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Syrian intelligence agency
The Military Intelligence Directorate (MID ;
Arabic : شعبة المخابرات العسكرية ,
romanized : Shu'bat al-Mukhabarat al-'Askariyya ) is the
military intelligence
service of
Syria .
[1] Although its roots go back to the
French mandate period (1923–1946) , its current organization was established in 1969.
[2]
[3] Its predecessor organisation was called the
Deuxième Bureau (the Second Bureau).
[2]
[3] It is headquartered at the
Defense Ministry in
Damascus .
The military intelligence service, or the
Mukhabarat in Arabic, is very influential in
Syrian politics and is controlled by the
President ,
Bashar al-Assad through the
National Security Bureau of the
Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party Regional Command .
[4]
[5] It is suspected of providing support to different radical groups.
[6] The service also monitors opponents of the government outside Syria.
[7] MID is both a foreign intelligence and a military security/
counterintelligence service. MID is responsible for providing intelligence on foreign and internal threats to the
Government of Syria and the
Syrian Armed Forces . During the
Syrian occupation of Lebanon , the Mukhabarat exercised political authority in Lebanon.
Directors
Deputy Director: Kamal Hassan (July 2023–18 January 2024)
Deputy Director: Mufid Khadour (18 January 2024–present)
Regional Directors
Rif Dimashq (Branch 227):
Damascus (Branch 215):
[23]
Brig. Gen. Sha'afiq (2012) accused of ordering or committing crimes against humanity.
[22]
Damascus (Branch 235 a.k.a. "
Palestine Branch "):
Brig. Gen. Muhammad Khallouf (2012) accused of ordering or committing crimes against humanity.
[22]
Brig. Gen. Kamal Hassan (2017–2020)
Damascus (Branch 248): Brig. Gen. Yousef Abdou (2012) accused of ordering or committing crimes against humanity.
[22]
Damascus (Branch 290): Brig. Gen. Wafiq Nasser (2017–2018)
[24]
Damascus (Branch 291): Brig. Gen. Burhan Qadour (past–2012) accused of ordering or committing crimes against humanity.
[22]
Hama (Branch 219):
Mohammad Mufleh (2011), the European Union sanctioned him for being involved in the crackdown on demonstrators during the Syrian uprising.
[19]
Brig. Gen. Wafiq Nasser (2018–2020)
Brig. Gen. Ibrahim Abbas (2021–present)
Deir ez-Zor branch:
Jameh Jameh (2011–2013), the European Union sanctioned him for being directly involved in repression and violence against the civilian population in
Deir ez-Zor and
Abu Kamal during the Syrian uprising.
[19]
Idlib (Branch 271):
Brig. Gen. Nawful Al-Husayn (2011), the European Union sanctioned him for being directly involved in repression and violence against the civilian population in Idlib province during the Syrian uprising.
[19] Accused of ordering or committing crimes against humanity.
[22]
Homs branch:
Muhammed Zamrini (2011), the European Union sanctioned him for being directly involved in repression and violence against the civilian population in Homs during the Syrian uprising.
[19] Accused of ordering or committing crimes against humanity.
[22]
Brig. Gen. Emad Mayhoub (2020–present)
[25]
Tartus city branch:
Brig. Gen. Emad Mayhoub (2018–2020)
Daraa (Branch 245):
Brig. Gen. Lu'ai al-Ali
[26] (2011–present), the European Union sanctioned him for being responsible for the violence against protesters in Daraa during the Syrian uprising.
[19] Accused of ordering or committing crimes against humanity.
[22]
Suwayda branch:
Brig. Gen. Wafiq Nasser (2011–2017), head of regional branch assumed position after Brig. Gen. Suheir Ramadan.
[27]
Aleppo branch:
Muhammad Duba (1974–1979)
[28]
Brig. Gen. Wafiq Nasser (2020–present)
[29]
Paramilitary units
Other Syrian intelligence agencies
References
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^
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^
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^
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^
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^
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External links