From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Overview of major Austronesian languages
This is a list of major and official
Austronesian languages, a
language family originating from
Taiwan, that is widely dispersed throughout the
islands of Southeast Asia and the
Pacific, with a few members spoken on continental
Asia and
Madagascar.
Official languages
Sovereign states
Language
|
Speakers
|
Native name
|
Official status
|
Fijian |
639,210 |
Na Vosa Vakaviti |
Fiji
|
Filipino |
100,000,000 (L1 & L2) 20,000,000 (L1) 80,000,000 (L2) |
Wikang Filipino |
Philippines
|
Gilbertese |
120,000 |
Taetae ni Kiribati |
Kiribati
|
Hiri Motu |
120,000 (L2) |
Hiri Motu |
Papua New Guinea
|
Indonesian |
300,000,000 |
Bahasa Indonesia |
Indonesia
|
Malay |
35,000,000 |
Bahasa Melayu/بهاس ملايو |
Brunei
Indonesia
[a]
Malaysia
[b]
Singapore
|
Malagasy |
18,000,000 |
Fiteny Malagasy |
Madagascar
|
Māori |
150,000 |
Te Reo Māori |
New Zealand
|
Marshallese |
55,000 |
Kajin M̧ajeļ |
Marshall Islands
|
Nauruan |
6,000 |
Dorerin Naoero |
Nauru
|
Palauan |
15,000 |
Tekoi er a Belau |
Palau
|
Samoan |
510,000 |
Gagana Sāmoa |
Samoa
|
Tetum |
800,000 |
Lia-Tetun |
East Timor
Indonesia
[c]
|
Tongan |
108,000 |
Lea Faka-Tonga |
Tonga
|
Tuvaluan |
13,000 |
Te Ggana/Gagana Tuuvalu |
Tuvalu
|
-
^ apart from the national standard Indonesian language, Malay has the status of a regional language in the regions of Sumatra and Kalimantan
-
^ In Malaysia, the Malaysian version of Malay is the language spoken in Malaysia as Bahasa Malaysia (Malaysian language)
-
^ apart from the national standard Indonesian language, Tetum has the status of a regional language in Belu Regency, East Nusa Tenggara
Territories
Language
|
Speakers
|
Native name
|
Official status
|
Country
|
Carolinian |
5,700 |
Refaluwasch |
Northern Mariana Islands |
United States
|
Chamorro |
95,000 |
Fino' CHamoru |
Guam
Northern Mariana Islands |
United States
|
Cook Islands Māori |
14,000 |
Māori Kūki 'Āirani Te Reo Ipukarea |
Cook Islands |
New Zealand
|
Hawaiian |
24,000 |
ʻŌlelo Hawaiʻi |
Hawaii |
United States
|
Javanese |
100,000,000 approx.(~3,000,000 in the
Special Region of Yogyakarta) |
Basa Jawa |
Yogyakarta
Central Java
East Java |
Indonesia
Suriname
[a]
[1]
Sri Lanka
[b]
[2]
New Caledonia
[c]
[3]
|
Kanak |
|
|
New Caledonia |
France
|
Niuean |
8,000 |
Ko e Vagahau Niuē |
Niue |
New Zealand
|
Rapa Nui |
5,000 |
Vananga Rapa Nui |
Easter Island |
Chile
|
Samoan |
55,000 |
Gagana Sāmoa |
American Samoa |
United States
|
Sonsorolese |
600 |
Ramari Dongosaro |
Sonsorol |
Palau
|
Tahitian |
120,000 |
Reo Mā'ohi/Tahiti |
French Polynesia |
France
|
Tobian |
100 |
Ramarih Hatohobei |
Hatohobei |
Palau
|
Tokelauan |
3,500 |
Gagana Tokelau |
Tokelau |
New Zealand
|
-
^ Javanese is also spoken by traditional immigrant communities of Javanese descent
-
^ Javanese is also spoken by traditional immigrant communities of Javanese descent
-
^ Javanese is also spoken by traditional immigrant communities of Javanese descent
Major languages
Languages with at least 3 million native speakers
Dialects and creoles
Dialects of major Austronesian languages
-
Banyumas Javanese (15,000,000 native,
Indonesia)
-
Kedah Malay (5,000,000 native,
Malaysia)
-
Banten Sundanese (3,350,000 native,
Indonesia)
-
Palembang Malay (3,100,000 native,
Indonesia)
-
Central Bikol language (2,500,000 native,
Philippines)
-
Batak Toba language (2,000,000 native,
Indonesia)
-
Albay Bikol language (1,900,000 native,
Philippines)
-
Kelantan Malay (1,600,000 native,
Malaysia)
-
Pattani Malay (1,500,000 native,
Thailand)
-
Perak Malay (1,400,000 native,
Malaysia)
-
Batak Pakpak language (1,200,000 native,
Indonesia)
-
Batak Simalungun language (1,200,000 native,
Indonesia)
-
Batak Mandailing language (1,100,000 native,
Indonesia)
-
Terengganu Malay (1,100,000 native,
Malaysia)
-
Pahang Malay (1,000,000 native,
Malaysia)
-
Batak Angkola language (750,000 native,
Indonesia)
-
Jambi Malay (700,000 native,
Indonesia)
-
Batak Karo language (600,000 native,
Indonesia)
-
Osing Javanese (300,000 native,
Indonesia)
-
Batak Alas language (200,000 native,
Indonesia)
-
Itbayat language (3,500 native,
Philippines)
Creoles and pidgins based on Austronesian languages
-
Betawi language (3,000,000 native,
Indonesia)
-
Sabah Malay (3,000,000,
Malaysia)
-
Manado Malay (850,000,
Indonesia)
-
North Moluccan Malay (700,000,
Indonesia)
-
Baba Malay (500,000,
Indonesia and
Malaysia)
-
Papuan Malay (500,000,
Indonesia)
-
Ambonese Malay (250,000 native,
Indonesia)
-
Sri Lanka Malay (50,000,
Sri Lanka)
-
Lundayeh/Lun Bawang (55,000,
East Malaysia
Brunei and
Indonesia)
-
Kelabit language (5,000,
East Malaysia and
Indonesia)
-
Cocos Malay (4,000,
Australia and
Malaysia)
-
Chetty Malay (300?,
Malaysia)
-
Broome Pearling Lugger Pidgin (40?,
Australia)
-
Bahasa Rojak (?,
Malaysia)
See also
References