From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This is a list of Indigenous peoples who speak, or historically spoke, the
Lushootseed language . Lushootseed-speaking groups were traditionally politically autonomous at the local, or village, level, so there is no one term to unite all Lushootseed-speaking peoples.
[1] Words like (dxʷ)ləšucid ʔacʔaciɬtalbixʷ or ʔacʔaciɬtalbixʷ kʷi gʷədxʷləšucideb (lit. "Lushootseed peoples" or "Peoples who speak Lushootseed") are sometimes used in modern times.
[2] Sometimes, anthropologists have grouped all Lushootseed-speaking peoples together as the "Lushootseed people."
[3] All historically-attested extended village groups or bands are listed, grouped by modern-day tribal units, sub-units, and further sub-units.
Northern Lushootseed
Northern Lushootseed (dxʷləšucid )
[4] is spoken by peoples living generally in
Island ,
Skagit ,
Snohomish , and parts of
Whatcom counties. Northern Lushootseed-speaking communities include:
Upper Skagit - sqaǰətabš
[4]
Nuwaha - dxʷʔaha
[4] : 4
Lake Whatcom village - x̌ačuʔabš
[5]
Lake Samish village - stiksabš
[1] : 20
Nookachamps - duqʷəčabš
[4] : 85
Mount Vernon village - dᶻalqahabš
[1] : 16
Big Lake village - cəlaɬabš
[4] : 43
Mesekwegwils - bəsikʷigʷilc
[4] : 39
Chobaabish - čubəʔabš
[4] : 66
Baslo'alo - baslux̌ʔalux̌
Smaliwhu - sbaliʔxʷ
[4] : 33
Silayucid - sʔilayucid
[1]
Beskayucid - bəsq̓ixʷucid
[1]
Miskaiwhu - bəsq̓ixʷixʷ
[4] : 187
Kwabatsabsh - k̓ʷabacabš
[1]
Sauk - saʔqʷəbixʷ
[6]
Suiattle - suyaƛ̕bixʷ
[6]
Stillaguamish - stuləgʷabš
[4] : 230
Swinomish - swədəbš
[4] : 246
Snohomish - sduhubš
[4]
Quil Ceda - qʷəl̕sidəʔəbš
[4] : 190
Whidbey Island Snohomish - dəgʷasx̌abš
[4] : 79
Sdodohobsh - sduduhubš
N'Quentlmamish - dxʷkʷiƛ̕əbabš
[4] : 126
Southern Lushootseed
Southern Lushootseed , otherwise known as Twulshootseed (txʷəlšucid )
[7] is spoken by the various peoples, historical and contemporary, located in
King ,
Pierce ,
Thurston ,
Mason , and
Kitsap counties. Southern Lushootseed communities include:
Skykomish - sq̓ixʷəbš
[4]
Staktalijamish - st̕aq̓taliǰabš
[4]
Upper Skykomish/Index people - bəsx̌əx̌əx̌əlč
Duwamish - dxʷdəwʔabš
[4]
Shilshole - šilšulabš
Hachuamish - x̌ačuʔabš
Thornton Creek band - dəxʷx̌ʷubilabš
Union Bay band - sluʔwiɬabš
Renton band
May Creek band - šabalʔtxʷabš
Stkehlmish - saʔcaqaɬəbš
Juanita Creek band - təbɬtubixʷ
Samammish - sc̓ababš
[4]
Stkamish - stəqabš
Suquamish - dxʷsəq̓ʷəbš
[8]
Puyallup - spuyaləpabš
[4]
Hylebos Creek band - sx̌ax̌ƛ̕abš
[9]
Clarks Creek band - txʷskʷaqʷabš
Simons Creek band - sqʷədabš
Homamish - sxʷəbabš
[10]
Shotlemamish - dəxʷsx̌əƛ̕əbabš
Steilacoom - č̓tilqʷəbabš
[4]
[9]
Nisqually - dxʷsqʷaliʔabš
[4]
[11]
Sequalitchew - sčəgʷaličabš
Lower Nisqually
Clear Creek band
Nisqually Lake band
Muck Creek band
Meshal/Mashel - bəšalabš
[9]
Squaxin Island - sqʷax̌sədəbš
[4]
[12]
Whulshootseed
Whulshootseed (xʷəlšucid ) refers to the large subdialect of Southern Lushootseed spoken by the Snoqualmie and Muckleshoot peoples.
Snoqualmie - sdukʷalbixʷ
[4]
Tolt band - x̌alalʔtxʷabš
[13]
Upper Snoqualmie/North Bend band - baqʷababš
[13]
Fall City band
[13]
Muckleshoot - bəqəlšuɬ
[4]
Skopamish - sxʷq̓ʷupabš
[4]
Yilalkoamish - ʔilalqʷuʔabš
[4]
Soos/Susabsh - sʔusabš
Smulkamish - sbalqʷuʔabš
[4]
Stuck River band - stəx̌ʷabš
Upper Puyallup
Tkwakwamish - dxʷxʷaq̓ʷabš
South Prairie Creek band
See also
References
^
a
b
c
d
e
f Collins, June M. (1974). Valley of the Spirits: The Upper Skagit Indians of Western Washington .
^ Waterman, T.T. (2001). sdaʔdaʔ gʷəɬ dibəɬ ləšucid ʔacaciɬtalbixʷ - Puget Sound Geographical Names . Seattle: Lushootseed Press.
^ Miller, Jay (1997).
"Back to Basics: Chiefdoms in Puget Sound" . Ethnohistory . 44 (2): 375–387.
doi :
10.2307/483373 .
ISSN
0014-1801 .
^
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
j
k
l
m
n
o
p
q
r
s
t
u
v
w
x
y
z
aa
ab
ac
ad
ae
af
ag
ah Bates, Dawn; Hess, Thom; Hilbert, Vi (1994). Lushootseed Dictionary . Seattle: University of Washington Press.
ISBN
0-295-97323-4 .
^ Richardson, Allan; Galloway, Brent (2011). Nooksack Place Names: Geography, Culture, and Language . Vancouver: UBC Press.
^
a
b
"Sauk-Suiattle - Index" . sauk-suiattle.com . Retrieved September 24, 2023 .
^
"Puyallup Tribal Language - Home" . www.puyalluptriballanguage.org . Retrieved September 24, 2023 .
^
"The Suquamish Tribe – Home of the Suquamish People" . Retrieved September 24, 2023 .
^
a
b
c Smith, Marian W. (1941).
"The Coast Salish of Puget Sound" .
American Anthropologist . 43 (2): 197–211 – via JSTOR.
^ Hutchinson, Chase (March 1, 2021).
"Estuary has new name, honoring tribe; you'll need to watch a video to pronounce it" . The News Tribune . Retrieved September 24, 2023 .
^
":: Nisqually Indian Tribe Home Page" . www.nisqually-nsn.gov . Retrieved September 24, 2023 .
^
a
b
c
d
e
f
"Who We Are – Squaxin Island Tribe" . Retrieved September 24, 2023 .
^
a
b
c Tollefson, Kenneth D. (1987).
"The Snoqualmie: A Puget Sound Chiefdom" . Ethnology . 26 (2): 124 – via JSTOR.