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Hanakotoba (花言葉) is the Japanese form of the language of flowers. The language was meant to convey emotion and communicate directly to the recipient or viewer without needing the use of words.

Flowers and their meanings

Japanese name	Romaji	English	Meaning	Image
アマリリス	Amaririsu	Amaryllis	Shy
アネモネ	Anemone	Anemone (white)	Sincere
アムブロシアー	Amuburoshiā	Ambrosia	Pious
紫苑	Shion	Aster tataricus	Remembrance
躑躅	Tsutsuji	Azalea	Patient, modest
ブルーベル	Burūberu	Bluebell	Grateful
サボテン	Saboten	Cactus	Lust, sex
赤 椿	Aka Tsubaki	Camellia (red)	In love, perishing with grace
黄色い椿	Kiiroi Tsubaki	Camellia (yellow)	Longing
白椿	Shiro Tsubaki	Camellia (white)	Waiting
黒百合	Kuroyuri	Fritillaria camschatcensis	Love, curse
カーネーション	Kānēshon	Carnation	Fascination, distinction, love
桜	Sakura	Cherry blossom	Kind, gentle, transience of life
黄菊	Kigiku	Chrysanthemum (yellow)	Imperial
白菊	Shiragiku	Chrysanthemum (white)	Truth
(四つ葉の) クローバー	(Yotsuba no) kurōbā	Four-leaf clover	Lucky
水仙	Suisen	Daffodil	Respect
天竺牡丹	Tenjikubotan	Dahlia	Good taste
雛菊	Hinagiku	Daisy	Faith
エーデルワイス	Ēderuwaisu	Edelweiss	Courage, power
エリカ	Erika	Erica	Solitude
勿忘草	Wasurenagusa	Forget-me-not	True love
フリージア	Furiijia	Freesia	Childish, immature
梔子	Kuchinashi	Gardenia	Secret love
鷺草	Sagisō	Habenaria radiata	Purity, delicateness, "I'll be thinking of you even in my dreams" [1]
ハイビースカス	Haibiisukasu	Hibiscus	Gentle
忍冬	Suikazura	Honeysuckle	Generous
紫陽花	Ajisai	Hydrangea	Pride
菖蒲, アイリス	Ayame, Airisu	Iris	Good news, glad tidings, loyalty
茉莉花/素馨, ジャスミン	Matsurika/Sokei, Jasumin	Arabian jasmine/ Spanish jasmine, Jasmine	Friendly, graceful
ラベンダー	Rabendā	Lavender	Faithful
白百合	Shirayuri	Lily (white)	Purity, chastity
アルストロメリア	Arusutoromeria	Lily of the Incas ( Alstroemeria)	Such strong connection that language is limited when trying to explain it
小百合	Sayuri	Lily (orange)	Hatred, revenge
鈴蘭/百合	Suzuran/Yuri	Lily of the Valley/ Spider lily	Sweet
鬼百合	Oniyuri	Tiger lily	Wealth
彼岸花/曼珠沙華	Higanbana/Manjushage	Red spider lily	Never to meet again, lost memory, abandonment
向日葵	Himawari	Sunflower	Respect, passionate love, radiance
蓮華	Renge	Lotus	Far from the one he loves, purity, chastity
木蓮, マグノリア	Mokuren, Magunoria	Magnolia	Natural
宿り木/ホーリー	Yadorigi/Hōrii	Mistletoe/ Holly	Looking for love
朝顔	Asagao	Morning glory	Willful promises
水仙	Suisen	Narcissus	Self-esteem
パンジー	Panjii	Pansy	Thoughtful, caring
牡丹	Botan	Peony	Bravery
雛芥子	Hinageshi	Poppy (red)	Fun-loving
芥子(白)	Keshi(shiro)	Poppy (white)	Rejoice
芥子(黄)	Keshi(ki)	Poppy (yellow)	Success
桜草	Sakurasō	Primrose	Desperate
紅薔薇	Benibara	Rose (red)	Love, in love
薔薇	Bara	Rose (white)	Innocence, silence, devotion
黄色薔薇	Kiiroibara	Rose (yellow)	Jealousy
桃色バラ	Momoirobara	Rose (pink)	Trust, happiness, confidence
スイートピー	Suiitopii	Sweet pea	Goodbye
チューリップ	Chūrippu	Tulip (red)	Fame, charity, trust
チューリップ	Chūrippu	Tulip (yellow)	One-sided love
美女桜	Bijozakura	Verbena	Cooperative
菫	Sumire	Violet	Honesty
百日草	Hyakunichisou	Zinnia	Loyalty

See also

• Language of flowers
• Ikebana
• Plant symbolism

References

• Gatti, Sabrina (2016). Lieve ed eterna come un fiore. La florigrafia. Analisi storico-sociologica di una forma di comunicazione non verbale (in Italian). Naples: Eracle Edizioni. ISBN  8867431633.