From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Subfamily of crocodiles
Crocodylinae is a
subfamily of true crocodiles within the
family
Crocodylidae , and is the
sister taxon to
Osteolaeminae (
dwarf crocodiles and
slender-snouted crocodiles ).
Taxonomy
Crocodylinae was
cladistically defined by Christopher Brochu in 1999 as Crocodylus niloticus (the
Nile crocodile ) and all
crocodylians more closely related to it than to Osteolaemus tetraspis (the
Dwarf crocodile ).
[1]
[2] This is a
stem-based definition, and is the
sister taxon to
Osteolaeminae .
Crocodylinae contains the
extant
genus
Crocodylus . It is disputed as to whether is also includes
Mecistops (slender-snouted crocodiles),
[2]
[3] or the
extinct genus
Voay .
[4]
Phylogeny
Some
morphological studies have recovered
Mecistops as a
basal member of Crocodylinae, more closely related to
Crocodylus than to
Osteolaemus and the other members of
Osteolaeminae ,
[2]
[3] as shown in the
cladogram below.
[3]
Crocodylidae
Paleoafrican Crocodylus
Neotropical Crocodylus
Indo-Pacific Crocodylus
The below
cladogram is based on a 2021 study using
paleogenomics that extracted DNA from the extinct
Voay , recovering it as a member of Crocodylinae.
[4]
Species list
American crocodile at
La Manzanilla, Jalisco, Mexico
A skull of the extinct
Voay robustus
Crocodylinae contains 13-14
extant species and 6
extinct species.
Subfamily Crocodylinae
Genus
Crocodylus
Crocodylus acutus ,
American crocodile
Crocodylus halli ,
Hall's New Guinea crocodile
Crocodylus intermedius ,
Orinoco crocodile
Crocodylus johnstoni ,
Freshwater crocodile , or Johnstone's crocodile
Crocodylus mindorensis ,
Philippine crocodile
Crocodylus moreletii ,
Morelet's crocodile or Mexican crocodile
Crocodylus niloticus ,
Nile crocodile
Crocodylus novaeguineae ,
New Guinea crocodile
Crocodylus palustris ,
mugger , marsh or Indian crocodile
Crocodylus porosus ,
Saltwater crocodile or Estuarine crocodile
Crocodylus raninus ,
Borneo crocodile , is currently considered to be a synonym of Crocodylus porosus ; whether or not it is a distinct species remains unclear.
[5]
Crocodylus rhombifer ,
Cuban crocodile
Crocodylus siamensis ,
Siamese crocodile
Crocodylus suchus ,
West African crocodile , desert or sacred crocodile
Crocodylus anthropophagus
†
Crocodylus checchiai
†
Crocodylus falconensis
†
Crocodylus palaeindicus
†
Crocodylus thorbjarnarsoni
†
Genus
Voay
†
References
^ Brochu, C. A.; Storrs, G. W. (2012). "A giant crocodile from the Plio-Pleistocene of Kenya, the phylogenetic relationships of Neogene African crocodylines, and the antiquity of Crocodylus in Africa". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology . 32 (3): 587–602.
Bibcode :
2012JVPal..32..587B .
doi :
10.1080/02724634.2012.652324 .
S2CID
85103427 .
^
a
b
c Rio, Jonathan P.; Mannion, Philip D. (6 September 2021).
"Phylogenetic analysis of a new morphological dataset elucidates the evolutionary history of Crocodylia and resolves the long-standing gharial problem" .
PeerJ . 9 : e12094.
doi :
10.7717/peerj.12094 .
PMC
8428266 .
PMID
34567843 .
^
a
b
c Azarra, Beatrice; Boschian, Giovanni; Brochu, Christopher; Delfino, Massimo; Iurino, Dawid Adam; Kimambo, Jackson Stanley; Manzi, Giorgio; Masao, Fidelis T.; Menconero, Sofia; Njau, Jackson K; Cherin, Marco (2021).
"A new cranium of Crocodylus anthropophagus from Olduvai Gorge, northern Tanzania" . Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia (Research in Paleontology and Stratigraphy) . 127 (2): 275–295.
doi :
10.13130/2039-4942/15771 .
^
a
b Hekkala, E.; Gatesy, J.; Narechania, A.; Meredith, R.; Russello, M.; Aardema, M. L.; Jensen, E.; Montanari, S.; Brochu, C.; Norell, M.; Amato, G. (2021-04-27).
"Paleogenomics illuminates the evolutionary history of the extinct Holocene "horned" crocodile of Madagascar, Voay robustus" . Communications Biology . 4 (1): 505.
doi :
10.1038/s42003-021-02017-0 .
ISSN
2399-3642 .
PMC
8079395 .
PMID
33907305 .
^
"Species | the Reptile Database" .