 | |
| Alternative names | Chaltteok, glutinous rice cake |
|---|---|
| Type | Tteok |
| Place of origin | Korea |
| Associated cuisine | Korean cuisine |
| Main ingredients | Glutinous rice |
| Similar dishes | Mochi |
| Korean name | |
| Hangul | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization | chapssal-tteok |
| McCune–Reischauer | ch'apssal-ttŏk |
| IPA | [tɕʰap̚.s͈al.t͈ʌk̚] |
| Hangul | |
| Revised Romanization | chaltteok |
| McCune–Reischauer | ch'alttŏk |
| IPA | [tɕʰal.t͈ʌk̚] |
Chapssal-tteok (찹쌀떡; [tɕʰap̚.s͈al.t͈ʌk̚]), also called chaltteok (찰떡, [tɕʰal.t͈ʌk̚]), is a tteok, or Korean rice cake, made of glutinous rice. [1]
Etymology
Chapssal-tteok is a compound noun consisting of chapssal (찹쌀), meaning "glutinous rice," and tteok (떡), meaning " rice cake."
The word chapssal is derived from the Middle Korean chɑl (), meaning "glutinous," and psɑl (), meaning " rice." [2] Chɑlpsɑl () appears in Gugeup ganibang, a 1489 book on medicine. [3] The word became chɑppsɑl () with consonant cluster reduction and then became chɑpsɑl () with degemination. [2] Due to the loss of the vowel ɑ (ㆍ) as well as syllable-initial consonant clusters, the word became chapssal with the syllable boundary between coda p and onset ss. Tteok is derived from the Middle Korean sdeok (), which appears in Worin seokbo, a 1459 biography and eulogy of the Buddha. [4] [5]
The word chaltteok is a compound consisting of the attributive adjective chal (찰), meaning "glutinous," and tteok. [6] Chal is derived from the Middle Korean chɑl (), and the word chɑlsdeok () appears in Geumganggyeong Samga hae, a 1482 book on the Diamond Sūtra. [7]
Accordingly, chaltteok can mean tteok made of glutinous grains other than rice, such as glutinous sorghum, but chapssal-tteok can only refer to tteok that is made of glutinous rice. [1] [2] In most cases, however, the words are used interchangeably, as tteok is most often made with glutinous or non-glutinous rice.
Preparation and varieties
Chapssal-tteok can be prepared in several ways. Glutinous rice is soaked, ground into flour, and then steamed in a siru (rice cake steamer). [8] The rice may or may not then be pounded. Sometimes, the rice is ground after being steamed instead of before.
Chapssal-tteok can be coated with gomul (powdered sesame or beans) and steamed, or it may be boiled and then coated. Chapssal-tteok can also be made round and filled with various so (fillings) such as red bean paste. [9] [10]
Chapssal-tteok ice cream is popular in modern South Korea. [11]
Chapssal-tteok is featured in some fusion Korean dishes.[ citation needed]
Similar food
Some Japanese mochi varieties are very similar to certain chapssal-tteok varieties. Both may be made by steaming and pounding soaked glutinous rice.
See also
References
- ^ a b "chapssal-tteok" 찹쌀떡. Standard Korean Language Dictionary (in Korean). National Institute of Korean Language. Archived from the original on 15 February 2017. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
- ^ a b c "chapssal" 찹쌀. Standard Korean Language Dictionary (in Korean). National Institute of Korean Language. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
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^ Yun, Ho; Im, Wonjun; Heo, Jong (1489). Gugeup ganibang 구급간이방(救急簡易方) [Prescriptions for Emergency Treatment] (in Korean). Joseon Korea.
- 구급간이방. National Hangeul Museum. Archived from the original on 5 October 2017.
- ^ "tteok" 떡. Standard Korean Language Dictionary (in Korean). National Institute of Korean Language. Archived from the original on 5 October 2017. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
-
^
Sejo (1459). Worin seokbo 월인석보(月印釋譜) [Songs of the Moon's Reflection on a Thousand Rivers and the Life History of Śākyamuni Combined] (in Korean). Joseon Korea.
- 월인석보. National Hangeul Museum. Archived from the original on 5 October 2017.
- ^ "chaltteok" 찰떡. Standard Korean Language Dictionary (in Korean). National Institute of Korean Language. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
-
^ Hakjo (1482). Geumganggyeong Samga hae 금강경삼가해(金剛經三家解) [Interpretations of Three Commentators on the Diamond Sūtra] (in Korean). Joseon Korea.
- 금강경삼가해. National Hangeul Museum. Archived from the original on 5 October 2017.
- ^ Ro, Hyo-sun (20 October 2016). "Yeongyang chaltteok (Healthy sweet rice cake)". The Korea Herald. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
- ^ Neff, Robert (6 January 2016). "Snack peddlers popular to Westerners in 19th century". The Korea Times. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
- ^ Won, Ho-jung (27 April 2015). "Big Bang kicks off world tour with a nod to Seoul fans". The Korea Herald. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
- ^ Lee, Hyo-won (31 December 2010). "2011 Year of the Rabbit". The Korea Times. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
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