Athletics_at_the_1954_British_Empire_and_Commonwealth_Games References

Athletics at the 5th British Empire and Commonwealth Games
Athletics at the 5th British Empire and Commonwealth Games
	A sculpture of Bannister and Landy was placed outside of the Empire Stadium to commemorate the Miracle Mile.
Dates	31 July – 7 August 1954
Host city	Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
Venue	Empire Stadium
Level	Senior
Events	29
Participation	249 athletes from ; 23 nations
	← 1950 Auckland 1958 Cardiff → ; 1954 British Empire and Commonwealth Games

At the 1954 British Empire and Commonwealth Games, the athletics events were held at Empire Stadium in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada in July and August 1954. A total of 29 athletics events were contested at the Games, 20 by men and 9 by women. A total of twenty-four Games records were set or improved over the competition, leaving just five previous best marks untouched. The 1954 edition saw the introduction of the shot put and discus throw for women, as well as the first 4×110 yards relay for women (which replaced a medley relay).^[1]

The men's mile run competition – dubbed The Miracle Mile – represented a landmark in the history of the Four-minute mile. Roger Bannister had been the first to have broken the barrier earlier that year, but Landy followed soon after with sub-4 minute (and world record time) of his own. The games offered the first time that two sub-4 minute runners had duelled against each other. Landy led until the final curve, at which point he turned to gauge Bannister's position. Bannister took the opportunity to overtake him on his blind side and he edged out a victory over Landy with a time of 3:58.8 minutes. Landy also ran under four minutes, representing the first time two men had done so in the same race.^[2] A sculpture of the race-deciding moment was later placed outside the stadium in memory of the duel.

Jim Peters, then the world record holder in the marathon, entered the stadium some seventeen minutes ahead of his nearest rival in the Games marathon. He collapsed in his final lap of the stadium, however, and did not finish the race (which was won by Joe McGhee).^[3]

A new Commonwealth record for the high jump was established at the games by Emmanuel Ifeajuna of Nigeria, who became the first Commonwealth athlete to clear six feet and eight inches.^[4] Ifeajuna was also the first black African to win a gold medal at the Commonwealth Games.^[5]

Medal summary

Men

Event	Gold		Silver		Bronze
100 yards details	Mike Agostini ( TRI)	9.6 =GR	Don McFarlane ( CAN)	9.7	Hector Hogan ( AUS)	9.7
220 yards details	Don Jowett ( NZL)	21.5	Brian Shenton ( ENG)	21.5	Ken Jones ( WAL)	21.9
440 yards details	Kevan Gosper ( AUS)	47.2 GR	Don Jowett ( NZL)	47.4	Terry Tobacco ( CAN)	47.8
880 yards details	Derek Johnson ( ENG)	1:50.7 GR	Brian Hewson ( ENG)	1:51.2	Ian Boyd ( ENG)	1:51.9
1 mile details	Roger Bannister ( ENG)	3:58.8 GR	John Landy ( AUS)	3:59.6	Rich Ferguson ( CAN)	4:04.6
3 miles details	Chris Chataway ( ENG)	13:35.2 GR	Fred Green ( ENG)	13:37.2	Frank Sando ( ENG)	13:37.4
6 miles details	Peter Driver ( ENG)	29:09.4 GR	Frank Sando ( ENG)	29:10.0	Jim Peters ( ENG)	29:20.0
Marathon details	Joe McGhee ( SCO)	2:39:36	Jack Mekler ( SAF)	2:40:57	Johannes Barnard ( SAF)	2:51:50
120 yards hurdles details	Keith Gardner ( JAM)	14.2 GR	Chris Higham ( ENG)	14.9	Norman Williams ( CAN)	14.9
440 yards hurdles details	David Lean ( AUS)	52.4 GR	Harry Kane ( ENG)	53.3	Bob Shaw ( WAL)	53.3
4 × 110 yards relay details	Canada (CAN) Bruce Springbett Don Stonehouse Harry Nelson Don McFarlane	41.3 GR	Nigeria (NGR) Muslim Arogundade Abdul Karim Amu Karim Olowu Edward Ajado	41.3	Australia (AUS) David Lean Hector Hogan Brian Oliver Kevan Gosper	41.7
4 × 440 yards relay details	England (ENG) Peter Higgins Alan Dick Peter Fryer Derek Johnson	3:11.2 GR	Canada (CAN) Laird Sloan Douglas Clement Joe Foreman Terry Tobacco	3:11.6	Australia (AUS) Brian Oliver Don MacMillan David Lean Kevan Gosper	3:16.0
High jump details	Emmanuel Ifeajuna ( NGR)	2.03 m GR	Patrick Etolu ( UGA)	1.99 m NR	Nafiu Osagie ( NGR)	1.99 m
Pole vault details	Geoff Elliott ( ENG)	4.26 m GR	Ron Miller ( CAN)	4.20 m	Andries Burger ( SAF)	4.13 m
Long jump details	Ken Wilmshurst ( ENG)	7.54 m GR	Karim Olowu ( NGR)	7.39 m	Sylvanus Williams ( NGR)	7.22 m
Triple jump details	Ken Wilmshurst ( ENG)	15.28 m	Peter Esiri ( NGR)	15.25 m	Brian Oliver ( AUS)	15.14 m
Shot put details	John Savidge ( ENG)	16.77 m GR	John Pavelich ( CAN)	14.95 m	Stephanus du Plessis ( SAF)	14.93 m
Discus throw details	Stephanus du Plessis ( SAF)	51.70 m GR	Roy Pella ( CAN)	49.53 m	Mark Pharaoh ( ENG)	47.84 m
Hammer throw details	Muhammad Iqbal ( PAK)	55.37 m GR	Jakobus Dreyer ( SAF)	54.75 m	Ewan Douglas ( SCO)	52.81 m
Javelin throw details	James Achurch ( AUS)	68.52 m GR	Muhammad Nawaz ( PAK)	68.09 m	Jalal Khan ( PAK)	67.50 m

Women

Event	Gold		Silver		Bronze
100 yards details	Marjorie Jackson-Nelson ( AUS)	10.7w	Winsome Cripps ( AUS)	10.8w	Edna Maskell ( NRH)	10.8w
220 yards details	Marjorie Jackson-Nelson ( AUS)	24.0 GR	Winsome Cripps ( AUS)	24.5	Shirley Hampton ( ENG)	25.0
80 metres hurdles (wind: +4.5 m/s) details	Edna Maskell ( NRH)	10.9w	Gwen Hobbins ( CAN)	11.2w	Jean Desforges ( ENG)	11.2w
4 × 110 yards relay details	Australia (AUS) Gwen Wallace Winsome Cripps Nancy Fogarty Marjorie Jackson	46.8 GR	England (ENG) Anne Pashley Heather Armitage Shirley Burgess Shirley Hampton	46.9	Canada (CAN) Margery Squires Dorothy Kozak Annabelle Murray Geraldine Bemister	47.8
High jump details	Thelma Hopkins ( NIR)	1.67 m GR	Dorothy Tyler ( ENG)	1.60 m	Alice Whitty ( CAN)	1.60 m
Long jump details	Yvette Williams ( NZL)	6.08 m GR	Thelma Hopkins ( NIR)	5.84 m	Jean Desforges ( ENG)	5.84 m
Shot put details	Yvette Williams ( NZL)	13.96 m GR	Jackie MacDonald ( CAN)	12.98 m	Magdalena Swanepoel ( SAF)	12.81 m
Discus throw details	Yvette Williams ( NZL)	45.01 m GR	Suzanne Allday ( ENG)	40.02 m	Marie Dupree ( CAN)	38.66 m
Javelin throw details	Magdalena Swanepoel ( SAF)	43.83 m GR	Pearl Fisher ( NRH)	41.97 m	Shirley Couzens ( CAN)	38.98 m

Medal table

* Host nation ( Canada)


Rank	Nation	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total
1	England (ENG)	9	9	7	25
2	Australia (AUS)	6	3	4	13
3	New Zealand (NZL)	4	1	0	5
4	South Africa (SAF)	2	2	4	8
5	Canada (CAN)*	1	7	7	15
6	Nigeria (NGR)	1	3	2	6
7	Northern Rhodesia (NRH)	1	1	1	3
7	Pakistan (PAK)	1	1	1	3
9	Northern Ireland (NIR)	1	1	0	2
10	Scotland (SCO)	1	0	1	2
11	Jamaica (JAM)	1	0	0	1
11	Trinidad and Tobago (TRI)	1	0	0	1
13	Uganda (UGA)	0	1	0	1
14	Wales (WAL)	0	0	2	2
Totals (14 entries)		29	29	29	87

Participating nations

References

^ Commonwealth Games Medallists - Women. GBR Athletics. Retrieved on 2010-08-30.
^ Bryant, John (2005). 3:59.4: The Quest to Break the Four Minute Mile. Arrow Books Ltd. ISBN 978-0-09-946908-7.
^ Great Sporting Moments: Athletics^{[
dead link]}. The Independent. Retrieved on 2010-08-30.
^ John de St. Jorre, The Nigerian Civil War (Hodder and Stoughton Publishing: London, 1972) p. 31.
^ Oliver, Brian (13 July 2014). "Emmanuel Ifeajuna: Commonwealth Games gold to facing a firing squad". theguardian.com. Retrieved 13 July 2014.

Results

Commonwealth Games Medallists - Men. GBR Athletics. Retrieved on 2010-08-30.
Commonwealth Games Medallists - Women. GBR Athletics. Retrieved on 2010-08-30.

External links

Bannister's "Miracle Mile" video from British Pathé

[1] Commonwealth Games Medallists - Women. GBR Athletics. Retrieved on 2010-08-30.

[2] Bryant, John (2005). 3:59.4: The Quest to Break the Four Minute Mile. Arrow Books Ltd. ISBN 978-0-09-946908-7.

[3] Great Sporting Moments: Athletics^{[
dead link]}. The Independent. Retrieved on 2010-08-30.

[4] John de St. Jorre, The Nigerian Civil War (Hodder and Stoughton Publishing: London, 1972) p. 31.

[5] Oliver, Brian (13 July 2014). "Emmanuel Ifeajuna: Commonwealth Games gold to facing a firing squad". theguardian.com. Retrieved 13 July 2014.

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Records Medallists Men Women Athletics at the Inter-Empire Championships