From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The aortic bodies are one of several small clusters of
peripheral chemoreceptors located along the
aortic arch . They are important in measuring
partial pressures of
oxygen and
carbon dioxide in the
blood , and
blood pH .
Structure
The aortic bodies are collections of
chemoreceptors present on the
aortic arch .
[1] Most are located above the aortic arch,
[2] while some are located on the posterior side of the aortic arch between it and the
pulmonary artery below.
[3] They consist of
glomus cells and
sustentacular cells .
[1]
Some sources equate the "aortic bodies" and "
paraaortic bodies ", while other sources explicitly distinguish between the two.
[4]
[5] When a distinction is made, the "aortic bodies" are
chemoreceptors which regulate the
circulatory system , while the "paraaortic bodies" are the
chromaffin cells which manufacture
catecholamines .
[6]
Function
The aortic bodies measure partial gas
pressures and the composition of arterial blood flowing past it.
[7] These changes may include:
They are particularly sensitive to changes in pH.
[2] Aortic bodies are more sensitive detectors of total arterial blood oxygen content than the
carotid body chemoreceptors, which are more sensitive detectors of the partial pressure of oxygen in the arterial blood.
[8]
The aortic bodies give feedback to the
medulla oblongata , specifically to the
dorsal respiratory group , via the afferent branches of the
vagus nerve (cranial nerve X).
[1]
[3] The medulla oblongata, in turn, regulates
breathing and
blood pressure .
Clinical significance
A
paraganglioma , also known as a
chemodectoma , is a
tumor that may involve an aortic body.
[9]
Swelling can also occur.[
vague ] These bodies detect blood pressure and are involving in passing out and
POTS syndrome .
See also
References
^
a
b
c
d Russell, D. S. (2014-01-01), McManus, Linda M.; Mitchell, Richard N. (eds.),
"Comparative Pathology: Cardiovascular System" , Pathobiology of Human Disease , San Diego: Academic Press, pp. 1042–1070,
doi :
10.1016/b978-0-12-386456-7.03403-1 ,
ISBN
978-0-12-386457-4 , retrieved 2021-01-01
^
a
b Ahluwalia, N.; Owens, R. L.; Badr, S.; Malhotra, A. (2013-01-01),
"Sleep and the Control of Breathing" , in Kushida, Clete A. (ed.), Encyclopedia of Sleep , Waltham: Academic Press, pp. 525–532,
doi :
10.1016/b978-0-12-378610-4.00109-1 ,
ISBN
978-0-12-378611-1 , retrieved 2021-01-01
^
a
b Kazemi, Homayoun; Johnson, Douglas C. (2002-01-01),
"Respiration" , in Ramachandran, V. S. (ed.), Encyclopedia of the Human Brain , New York: Academic Press, pp. 209–216,
doi :
10.1016/b0-12-227210-2/00302-2 ,
ISBN
978-0-12-227210-3 , retrieved 2021-01-01
^
Aortic+Bodies at the U.S. National Library of Medicine
Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
^
Para-Aortic+Bodies at the U.S. National Library of Medicine
Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
^ Piskuric, Nikol A.; Nurse, Colin A. (2013).
"Expanding role of ATP as a versatile messenger at carotid and aortic body chemoreceptors" . The Journal of Physiology . 591 (2): 415–422.
doi :
10.1113/jphysiol.2012.234377 .
ISSN
0022-3751 .
PMC
3577521 .
PMID
23165772 .
^
a
b
c Balcombe, Jonathan; Torigian, Drew A.; Kim, Woojin; Miller, Wallace T. (2007-04-01).
"Cross-Sectional Imaging of Paragangliomas of the Aortic Body and Other Thoracic Branchiomeric Paraganglia" . American Journal of Roentgenology . 188 (4): 1054–1058.
doi :
10.2214/AJR.05.1497 .
ISSN
0361-803X .
PMID
17377046 .
^
a
b
c
d Prabhakar, Nanduri R. (2016-01-01), Zufall, Frank; Munger, Steven D. (eds.),
"Chapter 18 - O2 and CO2 Detection by the Carotid and Aortic Bodies" , Chemosensory Transduction , Academic Press, pp. 321–338,
doi :
10.1016/b978-0-12-801694-7.00018-4 ,
ISBN
978-0-12-801694-7 , retrieved 2021-01-01
^ Miller, Margaret A. (2017-01-01), Zachary, James F. (ed.),
"Chapter 12 - Endocrine System1" , Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease (Sixth Edition) , Mosby, pp. 682–723.e1,
doi :
10.1016/b978-0-323-35775-3.00012-6 ,
ISBN
978-0-323-35775-3 , retrieved 2021-01-01