Russian physicist (born 1945)
Alexey Ekimov or Aleksey Yekimov
[1] (
Russian : Алексей Екимов ; born 1945) is a Russian
[2]
solid state physicist and a pioneer in
nanomaterials research. He discovered the
semiconductor nanocrystals known as
quantum dots in 1981, while working at the
Vavilov State Optical Institute .
[3]
[4]
[5] In 2023, he was awarded the
Nobel Prize in Chemistry for this discovery.
Life
Early years and education
Ekimov was born in the
Soviet Union . In 1967, he graduated from the Faculty of Physics,
Leningrad State University . He went on to receive his PhD in physics at the
Ioffe Institute of the
Russian Academy of Sciences in 1974.
Research and career
After graduation, Ekimov moved to the
Vavilov State Optical Institute to conduct research.
[5] He began studying
semiconductor -activated glasses, known as
Schott glasses , and developing theories to explain their color.
[6] When the glasses were heated and then cooled,
copper chloride crystals formed, as revealed by
X-rays ,
[6] creating blue colors.
[7] Smaller crystals produced bluer glass.
[7]
In 1981, Ekimov, along with Alexei A. Onushchenko, reported the discovery of
quantum size effects in
copper chloride
nanocrystals in glass,
[8]
[9]
[10]
[11] a phenomenon known now known as
quantum dots . During his time at the institute he further investigated these system and developed the theory of
quantum confinement with
Alexander Efros .
[6]
[12]
[13]
[14]
Since 1999, Ekimov has been living and working in the United States as a scientist for Nanocrystals Technology, a company based in
New York State .
[15]
[16]
Honors and awards
Ekimov was awarded the
1975 USSR State Prize in Science and Engineering for work on
electron spin orientation in semiconductors.
[5] He is co-recipient of the 2006
R. W. Wood Prize of the
Optical Society of America for "discovery of nanocrystal quantum dots and pioneering studies of their electronic and optical properties" shared with
Alexander Efros and
Louis E. Brus .
[17]
Ekimov, Brus and
Moungi Bawendi were the recipients of the 2023
Nobel Prize in Chemistry "for the discovery and synthesis of quantum dots".
[16]
[1]
Selected publications
Ekimov, A. I.; Onushchenko, A. A. (30 September 1981).
"[Quantum size effect in three-dimensional microscopic semiconductor crystals]" . Zhurnal eksperimentalnoi i teoreticheskoi fiziki (in Russian). 34 : 363–366.
Ekimov, A. I.; Onushchenko, A. A. (1982).
"Quantum size effect in three-dimensional microscopic semiconductor crystals" (PDF) . Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics Letters (JETP Lett.) . 34 : 345–349.
Ekimov, A. I.; Efros, Al. L.; Onushchenko, A. A. (1 December 1985).
"Quantum size effect in semiconductor microcrystals" . Solid State Communications . 56 (11): 921–924.
doi :
10.1016/S0038-1098(85)80025-9 .
ISSN
0038-1098 .
Ekimov, A. I.; Hache, F.; Schanne-Klein, M. C.; Ricard, D.; Flytzanis, C.; Kudryavtsev, I. A.; Yazeva, T. V.; Rodina, A. V.; Efros, Al L. (1 January 1993).
"Absorption and intensity-dependent photoluminescence measurements on CdSe quantum dots: assignment of the first electronic transitions" . JOSA B . 10 (1): 100–107.
doi :
10.1364/JOSAB.10.000100 .
ISSN
1520-8540 .
References
^
a
b
"They planted an important seed for nanotechnology" (Press release). The Nobel Prize. 4 October 2023.
^ Edwards, Christian; Hunt, Katie; Upright, Ed (4 October 2023).
"Nobel Prize awarded for discovery of quantum dots that changed everything from TV displays to cancer imaging" . CNN.
^ Екимов А.И., Онущенко А.А. (1981).
"Квантовый размерный эффект в трехмерных микрокристаллах полупроводников" (PDF) . Письма в ЖЭТФ . 34 : 363–366. Archived from
the original (PDF) on 16 December 2014. Retrieved 26 March 2015 .
^
"Russian-Born Quantum Dot Pioneer Ekimov Wins Nobel Prize in Chemistry" . The Moscow Times . 4 October 2023. Retrieved 6 October 2023 .
^
a
b
c
"Alexei Ekimov | Biography, Nobel Prize, Quantum Dots, & Facts | Britannica" . www.britannica.com . 9 October 2023. Retrieved 11 October 2023 .
^
a
b
c Robinson2023-10-11T17:50:00+01:00, Julia.
"The quantum dot story" . Chemistry World . Retrieved 20 October 2023 . {{
cite web }}
: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
link )
^
a
b Bubola, Emma; Miller, Katrina (4 October 2023).
"Nobel Prize in Chemistry Awarded to 3 Scientists for Exploring the Nanoworld" . The New York Times .
^ Sanderson, Katharine; Castelvecchi, Davide (4 October 2023).
"Tiny 'quantum dot' particles win chemistry Nobel" . Nature . 622 (7982): 227–228.
doi :
10.1038/d41586-023-03048-9 .
^ Gramling, Carolyn (4 October 2023).
"The development of quantum dots wins the 2023 Nobel prize in chemistry" . Science News .
^ Clery, Daniel; Kean, Sam (4 October 2023).
"Creators of quantum dots, used in TV displays and cell studies, win chemistry Nobel" . Science .
^ Ekimov, A. I.; Onushchenko, A. A. (1 September 1981).
"Quantum size effect in three-dimensional microscopic semiconductor crystals" . Soviet Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics Letters . 34 : 345.
ISSN
0021-3640 .
^ Efros, Alexander L.; Brus, Louis E. (27 April 2021).
"Nanocrystal Quantum Dots: From Discovery to Modern Development" . ACS Nano . 15 (4): 6192–6210.
doi :
10.1021/acsnano.1c01399 .
ISSN
1936-0851 .
^ Ekimov, A. I.; Onushchenko, A. A.; Plyukhin, A. G.; Efros, Al. L. (1 April 1985).
"Size quantization of excitons and determination of the parameters of their energy spectrum in CuCl" . Soviet Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics . 61 : 891.
ISSN
1063-7761 .
^ Efros, Al. L.; Rosen, M. (2000).
"The Electronic Structure of Semiconductor Nanocrystals" . Annual Review of Materials Science . 30 (1): 475–521.
doi :
10.1146/annurev.matsci.30.1.475 .
ISSN
0084-6600 .
^ Devlin, Hannah (4 October 2023).
"Scientists share Nobel prize in chemistry for quantum dots discovery" . The Guardian .
ISSN
0261-3077 . Retrieved 6 October 2023 .
^
a
b Bubola, Emma; Miller, Katrina (4 October 2023).
"Nobel Prize in Chemistry Awarded to 3 Scientists for Work With Quantum Dots" .
The New York Times . Retrieved 4 October 2023 .
^
"Twenty attain 2006 top honors from the OSA" . Laser Focus World . 30 August 2006.
External links
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