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Tupi–Guarani dialect of Brazil
Akwáwa is a
Tupi–Guarani
dialect cluster spoken in
Pará in western
Brazil.
Dialects
There are three distinct dialects:
[2]
- Asuriní (of Tocantins or Trocará), or Akwawa
-
Suruí (of Tocantins or Pará), or Akewara
- Parakanã, Awaeté
Both the name
Asuriní and
Suruí are used for related peoples and their languages:
Suruí of Jiparaná,
Suruí of Rondônia,
Asuriní of Xingú, etc.
Phonology
The following is the Parakanã dialect:
[3]
Vowels
- Vowel sounds are realized as nasalized when preceding nasal consonants.
- /e/ can also be heard as [
ɛ] when in stressed position.
- /ɨ/ can also be heard as [
ə] when preceding a vowel.
- /a/ can be heard as back [
ʌ] when in word-final position. In its nasal form, it is heard as back [
ʌ̃].
- /o/ can be heard as [
u] when in unstressed position.
Consonants
- /β/ can also be heard as a glide [
w].
- /tʃ/ can be realized as a glide [
j] in final position, and as voiced [
dʒ] in intervocalic positions.
Notes
-
^
Asuriní at
Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022)
Suruí at
Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022)
Parakanã at
Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022)
-
^ Cheryl Jensen, 1999, "Tupí-Guaraní", in Dixon & Aikhenvald, The Amazonian Languages
-
^ Souza e Silva, Auristéa Caetana (1999). Aspectos da referência alternada em Parakanã. Universidade Federal do Pará.
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