# of rural localities (сельские населённые пункты)
2,908
# of uninhabited rural localities (сельские населённые пункты без населения)
137
Administratively,
Leningrad Oblast is divided into seventeen
districts and a town of oblast significance,
Sosnovy Bor. Lomonosovsky District is the only one in Russia which has its administrative center (the town of
Lomonosov) located in the area of a different subject of Russian Federation (the federal city of
Saint Petersburg, which is not a part of Leningrad Oblast).
In terms of the area, the biggest administrative district is Podporozhsky District (7,706 square kilometres (2,975 sq mi)); the smallest one is Lomonosovsky District (1,919 square kilometres (741 sq mi)).
The municipal divisions of Leningrad Oblast are identical with its administrative divisions. All of the administrative districts of Leningrad Oblast are
municipally incorporated as municipal districts, and the city of oblast significance is municipally incorporated as an urban okrug.
History
Until 1927
December 29 [
O.S. December 18], 1708
TsarPeter the Great issued an
edict which established seven governorates.[8][9] The description of the borders of the governorates was not given; instead, their area was defined as a set of towns and the lands adjacent to those towns. The present area of Leningrad oblast was a part of Ingermanland Governorate, which was renamed
Saint Petersburg Governorate in 1710. The governorates were subdivided into
uyezds, and uyezds into
volosts. Eventually, parts of Saint Petersburg Governorate were split off to form separate governorates, such as
Novgorod,
Pskov, or
Olonets Governorates.
Vyborg Governorate, which was split off early, in 1812 was included into the
Grand Duchy of Finland as the
Viipuri Province, and in 1918 became a part of independent
Finland. In 1913, Saint Petersburg Governorate was renamed Petrograd, and in 1924 Leningrad Governorate.
The east and south of the current area of the oblast was transferred in 1727 to
Moscow and
Novgorod Governorates. After a sequence of administrative reforms, the northeastern part of the oblast ended up in 1801 in
Olonets Governorate. In June 1918, five uyezds of Novgorod Governorate, including Tikhvinsky Uyezd, were split off to form
Cherepovets Governorate, with the administrative center in
Cherepovets. In 1922, Olonets Governorate was abolished, and Lodeynopolsky Uyezd (which contained all areas later transferred to Leningrad Oblast) was transferred to Petrograd Governorate. Thus, by 1927 the current area of the oblast was split between three governorates — Leningrad, Novgorod, and Cherepovets.
On August 1, 1927 the governorate was abolished, and uyezds were merged into newly established
Leningrad Oblast, with the administrative center in Leningrad, which included the northwestern part of Russian Federation. The oblast was subdivided into 140 districts, which were grouped into nine okrugs,[10]
Murmansk Okrug was not contiguous with the rest of Leningrad Oblast and was separated from it by the territory of the
Karelian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic.[11] The areas where Leningrad Oblast was established belonged previously not only to Saint Petersburg, Novgorod, and Cherepovets Governorates, but also to
Murmansk and
Pskov Governorates.
The following districts have been established,[10]
On October 1, 1929 Velikiye Luki Okrug was transferred to newly established
Western Oblast.[12] On August 15, 1930, the okrugs were abolished as well (with the exception of Murmansk Okrug), and the districts were directly subordinated to the oblast.[13] Subsequently, the administrative divisions were merged and split on a regular basis, so that some districts were abolished, and others were established. On September 23, 1937
Vologda Oblast was established, and eastern districts of Leningrad Oblast were transferred to Vologda Oblast.[14]
On May 28, 1938
Murmansk Oblast was established, and the districts which belonged to Murmansk Okrug were transferred there.[15] Between 1938 and 1944, the area of Leningrad Oblast approximately corresponded to the current area of Leningrad, Pskov, and Novgorod Oblasts.
On March 22, 1935
Pskov and
Kingisepp Okrugs, adjacent to the state borders, were established. In September 1940, both were abolished.[13]
During
World War II, considerable areas of Leningrad Oblast were occupied by German and Finnish troops and thus were outside the jurisdiction of the oblast.
After 1944
On July 5, 1944,
Novgorod Oblast, and on August 23, 1944
Pskov Oblast were established. The areas of
Estonia adjacent to the Narva River, including the town of Ivangorod, were transferred to Leningrad Oblast on November 24, 1944. They were shared between Slantsevsky (south) and Kingiseppsky (north) Districts.[16] On the same day some areas, which are now parts of Vyborgsky and Priozersky Districts, were transferred from the
Karelo-Finnish Soviet Socialist Republic to Leningrad Oblast. In 1948-1949, most of the names of Finnish origin were replaced by made-up Russian names. After 1944, some areas which belonged to Leningrad Oblast, were on several occasions transferred to the federal city of Saint Petersburg.
Abolished districts
After 1927 (with the exception of the aborted reform of 1963-1965) borders between the districts sometimes were modified, and as a result some of the districts were abolished. This list includes the districts which existed in the current area of Leningrad Oblast.
Budogoshchensky District (the administrative center in the urban-type settlement of
Budogoshch), established in 1927, abolished in 1932, split between
Dregelsky and Kirishsky Districts.[17]
Detskoselsky District (the town of
Detskoye Selo), established in 1927, abolished in 1930, split between Tosnensky, Krasnogvardeysky, and Leningradsky Prigorodny Districts.[18]
Kapshinsky District (the settlement of
Shugozero), established in 1927, abolished in 1963, split between Boksitogorsky and Tikhvinsky Districts.[19]
Kolpinsky District (the town of
Kolpino), established in 1927, abolished in 1930, split between Tosnensky and Leningradsky Prigorodny Districts.[20]
Kotelsky District (the selo of
Kotly), established in 1927, abolished in 1931, merged into Kingiseppsky District.[21]
Leningradsky Prigorodny District (the city of
Leningrad), established in 1930, abolished in 1936, split between the city of Leningrad, and Krasnoselsky, Slutsky, Pargolovsky, Vsevolozhsky, and Mginsky Districts.[23]
Leninsky District (the settlement of
Vsevolozhskoye), established in 1927, abolished in 1930, merged into Leningradsky Prigorodny District.[24]
Lesogorsky District (the urban-type settlement of
Lesogorsky), established in 1940 as Yaskinsky District and a part of the Karelian ASSR, later of the Karelo-Finnish Soviet Socialist Republic, transferred to Leningrad Oblastin 1944, renamed in 1948, abolished in 1960, merged into Vyborgsky District.[25]
Lyubansky District (the town of
Lyuban), established in 1927, abolished in 1930, merged into Tosnensky District.[26]
Mginsky District (the settlement of
Mga), established in 1927, abolished in 1960, split between Volkhovsky and Tosnensky Districts. In 1930 and 1931 was known as Putilovsky District. The current borders of Kirovsky District largely coincide with those of Mginsky District.[27]
Oredezhsky District (the settlement of
Oredezh), established in 1927, abolished in 1959, split between Luzhsky and Gatchinsky Districts.[30]
Osminsky District (the selo of
Osmino), established in 1927, abolished in 1961, split between Slantsevsky and Volosovsky Districts.[31]
Oyatsky District (the selo of
Alyokhovshchina), established in 1927 as Shapshinsky District, in the same year renamed Oyatsky District, abolished in 1955, merged into Lodeynopolsky District.[32]
Pargolovsky District (the settlement of
Pargolovo III), established in 1927, abolished in 1930, split between Kuyvozovsky District and Leningradsky Prigorodny District. Re-established in 1936, abolished in 1954, split between the city of Leningrad and Vsevolozhsky District.[33]
Pavlovsky District (the town of
Pavlovsk), established in 1936 as Slutsky District, renamed in 1944 into Pavlovsky District, abolished in 1953, split between the city of Leningrad, Gatchinsky, and Tosnensky Districts.[35]
Primorsky District (the town of
Primorsk), established in 1940 as Koyvistovsky District, renamed in 1948, abolished in 1954, merged into Roshchinsky District.[37]
Roshchinsky District (the selo of
Roshchino), established in 1940 as Kannelyarvsky District, renamed Rayvolovsky District in 1945, renamed Roshchinsky District in 1948, abolished in 1963, merged into Vyborgsky District.[38]
Rudnensky District (the selo of
Rudno, subsequently in the village of
Vyskatka), established in 1927, abolished in 1933, split between
Gdovsky and Osminsky Districts.[39]
Sosnovsky District (the suburban settlement of
Sosnovo), established in 1940 as Rautovsky District, renamed in 1948, abolished in 1960, split between Roshchinsky and Priozersky Districts.[40]
Toksovsky District (the village of
Kuyvoz, later in the urban-type settlement of
Toksovo), established in 1927 as Kuyvozovsky District, renamed in 1936, abolished in 1939, merged into Pargolovsky District.[41]
Uritsky District (the town of
Uritsk), established in 1927, abolished in 1930, merged into Leningradsky Prigorodny District.[42]
Vinnitsky District (the selo of
Vinnitsy), established in 1927, abolished in 1963, merged into Lodeynopolsky District, in 1965 became a part of re-established Podporozhsky District.[43]
^According to Article 13 of the Charter of Leningrad Oblast, the government bodies of the oblast are located in the city of
St. Petersburg. However, St. Petersburg is not officially named to be the administrative center of the oblast.
^In 2010, the administrative division of Leningrad Oblast was harmonized with the municipal division, see
Отчет о работе комитета по взаимодействию с органами местного самоуправления Ленинградской области в 2010 году (in Russian). Комитет по печати и связям с общественностью Ленинградской области. Retrieved April 17, 2013. Sosnovy Bor was left as the only town of oblast significance, whereas all other towns, which previously were towns of oblast significance, were subordinated to the districts.
^Архивный отдел Администрации Мурманской области. Государственный Архив Мурманской области. (1995). Административно-территориальное деление Мурманской области (1920-1993 гг.). Справочник. Мурманск: Мурманское издательско-полиграфическое предприятие "Север". pp. 19–20.
^Воробьёв, М. В. (1993). Г. В. Туфанова (ed.). Административно-территориальное деление Смоленской области (in Russian). Государственный архив Смоленской области. pp. 118–133.
^
ab"00344" Ленинградская область (in Russian). Справочник по истории Коммунистической партии и Советского Союза 1898 - 1991. Retrieved March 6, 2014.
^Кингисеппский район (август 1927) (in Russian). Система классификаторов исполнительных органов государственной власти Санкт-Петербурга. Archived from
the original on December 11, 2013. Retrieved March 27, 2013.
^Молосковицкий район (авг.1927-сент.1931) (in Russian). Система классификаторов исполнительных органов государственной власти Санкт-Петербурга. Retrieved April 29, 2013.
^Волховский район (август 1927 г.) (in Russian). Система классификаторов исполнительных органов государственной власти Санкт-Петербурга. Archived from
the original on March 17, 2014. Retrieved December 14, 2012.
^Оредежский район (авг. 1927 – окт. 1959) (in Russian). Система классификаторов исполнительных органов государственной власти Санкт-Петербурга. Archived from
the original on October 29, 2013. Retrieved February 8, 2013.
^Осьминский район (авг. 1927 - авг. 1961) (in Russian). Система классификаторов исполнительных органов государственной власти Санкт-Петербурга. Archived from
the original on October 30, 2013. Retrieved March 7, 2013.
^Пашский район (авг. 1927 - дек. 1955) (in Russian). Система классификаторов исполнительных органов государственной власти Санкт-Петербурга. Retrieved May 2, 2013.
^Винницкий район (авг. 1927 - фев. 1963) (in Russian). Система классификаторов исполнительных органов государственной власти Санкт-Петербурга. Archived from
the original on November 3, 2013. Retrieved November 16, 2011.
^Вознесенский район (авг. 1927 - апр. 1954) (in Russian). Система классификаторов исполнительных органов государственной власти Санкт-Петербурга. Archived from
the original on February 4, 2015. Retrieved November 16, 2011.