An
East Frankish expeditionary force under
Zwentibold, the eldest son of King
Arnulf of Carinthia, crosses the
Alps into
Friuli. He makes junction at
Verona, with the army of the deposed king
Berengar I, and proceeds to lay siege to
Pavia. After a three-month campaign, Zwentibold receives orders to head back to
Bavaria, in case of a
Magyar intervention.
Summer –
Battle of Buttington: A combined Welsh and
Mercian army under Lord
Æthelred besieges a Viking camp at
Buttington in Wales. The Danes escape with heavy losses, and take their families to safety in East Anglia.[5]
Autumn – Danish Vikings under Hastein take the city of
Chester, after a rapid march from East Anglia. Alfred the Great destroys the food supplies, forcing them to move into
Wales.[6]
March 23 –
893 Ardabil earthquake. Several earthquake catalogues and historical sources describe this earthquake as a destructive earthquake that struck the city of
Ardabil,
Iran. The magnitude is unknown, but the death toll was reported to be very large. The
USGS, in their "List of Earthquakes with 50,000 or More Deaths", give an estimate that 150,000 were killed, which would make it the ninth deadliest earthquake in history.[8]
^Michel Parisse, "Lotharingia", The New Cambridge Medieval History, III: c. 900–c. 1024, ed.
Timothy Reuter (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005), pp. 313–315.
^Paul Hill (2009). The Viking Wars of Alfred the Great, pp. 124–125.
ISBN978-1-59416-087-5.
^John Haywood (1995). Historical Atlas of the Vikings, pp. 66–67.
ISBN978-0-140-51328-8.
^Paul Hill (2009). The Viking Wars of Alfred the Great, pp. 128–130.
ISBN978-1-59416-087-5.
^John Haywood (1995). Historical Atlas of the Vikings, pp. 66–67.
ISBN978-0-140-51328-8.
^Coedès, George (1968). Walter F. Vella (ed.). The Indianized States of Southeast Asia. trans.Susan Brown Cowing. University of Hawaii Press.
ISBN978-0-8248-0368-1.