From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Championship League
Tournament information
Dates9 January – 22 March 2012 (2012-01-09 – 2012-03-22)
Venue Crondon Park Golf Club
City Stock
Country England
Organisation Matchroom Sport
FormatNon- ranking event
Total prize fund £192,700
Winner's share£10,000 (plus bonuses)
Highest break  Mark Allen ( NIR) (144)
Final
Champion  Ding Junhui ( CHN)
Runner-up  Judd Trump ( ENG)
Score3–1
2011
2013

The 2012 Championship League was a professional non- ranking snooker tournament that was played from 9 January to 22 March 2012 at the Crondon Park Golf Club in Stock, England.

Matthew Stevens was the defending champion, [1] but he was eliminated in group four.

Ding Junhui won in the final 3–1 against Judd Trump and earned a place in the 2012 Premier League Snooker.

Prize fund

The breakdown of prize money for this year is shown below: [2]

  • Group 1–7
    • Winner: £3,000
    • Runner-up: £2,000
    • Semi-final: £1,000
    • Frame-win (league stage): £100
    • Frame-win (play-offs): £300
    • Highest break: £500
  • Final group
    • Winner: £10,000
    • Runner-up: £5,000
    • Semi-final: £3,000
    • Frame-win: £300
    • Highest break: £1,000
  • Tournament total: £192,700

Group one

Group one matches were played on 9 and 10 January 2012. [3] [4] [5] Judd Trump was the first player to qualify for the final group.

Matches

  • Matthew Stevens 1–3 Mark Selby
  • Shaun Murphy 2–3 Judd Trump
  • Ali Carter 1–3 Mark Davis
  • Andrew Higginson 3–1 Matthew Stevens
  • Mark Selby 3–2 Shaun Murphy
  • Judd Trump 3–0 Ali Carter
  • Mark Davis 3–1 Andrew Higginson
  • Matthew Stevens 2–3 Shaun Murphy
  • Mark Selby 3–1 Judd Trump
  • Ali Carter 3–0 Andrew Higginson
  • Shaun Murphy 3–1 Andrew Higginson
  • Mark Davis 3–2 Judd Trump
  • Matthew Stevens 1–3 Mark Davis
  • Mark Selby 3–2 Ali Carter
  • Judd Trump 3–2 Andrew Higginson
  • Shaun Murphy 3–0 Mark Davis
  • Mark Selby 1–3 Andrew Higginson
  • Matthew Stevens 3–0 Ali Carter
  • Shaun Murphy 2–3 Ali Carter
  • Mark Selby 3–2 Mark Davis
  • Judd Trump 0–3 Matthew Stevens

Table

Pos Player Pld W L FF FA FD
1   Mark Selby ( ENG) 6 5 1 16 11 +5 Qualification to Group 1 play-off
2   Mark Davis ( ENG) 6 4 2 14 11 +3
3   Shaun Murphy ( ENG) 6 3 3 15 12 +3
4   Judd Trump ( ENG) 6 3 3 12 13 −1
5   Matthew Stevens ( WAL) 6 2 4 11 12 −1 Advances into Group 2
6   Andrew Higginson ( ENG) 6 2 4 10 14 −4 Eliminated from the competition
7   Ali Carter ( ENG) 6 2 4 9 14 −5
Source: [1]

Play-offs

Semi-finals
Best of 5 frames
Final
Best of 5 frames
      
1   Mark Selby ( ENG) 1
4   Judd Trump ( ENG) 3
4   Judd Trump ( ENG) 3
3   Shaun Murphy ( ENG) 2
2   Mark Davis ( ENG) 1
3   Shaun Murphy ( ENG) 3

Group two

Group two matches were played on 11 and 12 January 2012. [6] [7] [8] Shaun Murphy was the second player to qualify for the final group.

Matches

  • Shaun Murphy 1–3 Mark Selby
  • Mark Davis 3–1 Matthew Stevens
  • Mark Williams 3–2 Neil Robertson
  • Stuart Bingham 1–3 Shaun Murphy
  • Mark Selby 3–1 Mark Davis
  • Matthew Stevens 2–3 Mark Williams
  • Neil Robertson 0–3 Stuart Bingham
  • Shaun Murphy 3–0 Mark Davis
  • Mark Selby 3–2 Matthew Stevens
  • Mark Williams 0–3 Stuart Bingham
  • Mark Davis 3–0 Stuart Bingham
  • Neil Robertson 3–2 Matthew Stevens
  • Shaun Murphy 2–3 Neil Robertson
  • Mark Selby 3–2 Mark Williams
  • Matthew Stevens 3–1 Stuart Bingham
  • Mark Davis 2–3 Neil Robertson
  • Mark Selby 3–2 Stuart Bingham
  • Shaun Murphy 3–0 Mark Williams
  • Mark Davis 3–0 Mark Williams
  • Mark Selby 3–1 Neil Robertson
  • Shaun Murphy 1–3 Matthew Stevens

Table

Pos Player Pld W L FF FA FD
1   Mark Selby ( ENG) 6 6 0 18 9 +9 Qualification to Group 2 play-off
2   Shaun Murphy ( ENG) 6 3 3 13 10 +3
3   Mark Davis ( ENG) 6 3 3 12 10 +2
4   Neil Robertson ( AUS) 6 3 3 12 15 −3
5   Matthew Stevens ( WAL) 6 2 4 13 14 −1 Advances into Group 3
6   Stuart Bingham ( ENG) 6 2 4 10 12 −2 Eliminated from the competition
7   Mark Williams ( WAL) 6 2 4 8 16 −8
Source: [2]

Play-offs

Semi-finals
Best of 5 frames
Final
Best of 5 frames
      
1   Mark Selby ( ENG) 3
4   Neil Robertson ( AUS) 1
1   Mark Selby ( ENG) 0
2   Shaun Murphy ( ENG) 3
2   Shaun Murphy ( ENG) 3
3   Mark Davis ( ENG) 0

Group three

Group three matches were played on 23 and 24 January 2012. [9] [10] Neil Robertson was the third player to qualify for the final group.

Matches

  • Mark Selby 3–0 Mark Davis
  • Neil Robertson 3–2 Matthew Stevens
  • Martin Gould 1–3 Jamie Cope
  • Stephen Hendry 2–3 Mark Selby
  • Mark Davis 3–2 Neil Robertson
  • Matthew Stevens 1–3 Martin Gould
  • Jamie Cope 3–2 Stephen Hendry
  • Mark Selby 3–0 Neil Robertson
  • Mark Davis 2–3 Matthew Stevens
  • Martin Gould 3–2 Stephen Hendry
  • Neil Robertson 3–1 Stephen Hendry
  • Jamie Cope 0–3 Matthew Stevens
  • Mark Selby 3–2 Jamie Cope
  • Mark Davis 3–0 Martin Gould
  • Matthew Stevens 3–2 Stephen Hendry
  • Neil Robertson 3–1 Jamie Cope
  • Mark Davis 3–1 Stephen Hendry
  • Mark Selby 2–3 Martin Gould
  • Neil Robertson 3–1 Martin Gould
  • Mark Davis 1–3 Jamie Cope
  • Mark Selby 1–3 Matthew Stevens

Table

Pos Player Pld W L FF FA FD
1   Mark Selby ( ENG) 6 4 2 15 10 +5 Qualification to Group 3 play-off
2   Matthew Stevens ( WAL) 6 4 2 15 11 +4
3   Neil Robertson ( AUS) 6 4 2 14 11 +3
4   Mark Davis ( ENG) 6 3 3 12 12 0
5   Jamie Cope ( ENG) 6 3 3 12 13 −1 Advances into Group 4
6   Martin Gould ( ENG) 6 3 3 11 14 −3 Eliminated from the competition
7   Stephen Hendry ( SCO) 6 0 6 10 18 −8
Source: [3]

Play-offs

Semi-finals
Best of 5 frames
Final
Best of 5 frames
      
1   Mark Selby ( ENG) 3
4   Mark Davis ( ENG) 2
1   Mark Selby ( ENG) 2
3   Neil Robertson ( AUS) 3
2   Matthew Stevens ( WAL) 2
3   Neil Robertson ( AUS) 3

Group four

Group four matches were played on 25 and 26 January 2012. [11] [12] Mark Davis was the fourth player to qualify for the final group.

Matches

  • Mark Selby 3–2 Matthew Stevens
  • Mark Davis 3–1 Jamie Cope
  • Mark Allen 3–1 Stephen Lee
  • Peter Ebdon 0–3 Mark Selby
  • Matthew Stevens 2–3 Mark Davis
  • Jamie Cope 3–2 Mark Allen
  • Stephen Lee 2–3 Peter Ebdon
  • Mark Selby 3–0 Mark Davis
  • Matthew Stevens 2–3 Jamie Cope
  • Mark Allen 0–3 Peter Ebdon
  • Mark Davis 3–1 Peter Ebdon
  • Stephen Lee 3–2 Jamie Cope
  • Mark Selby 3–1 Stephen Lee
  • Matthew Stevens 1–3 Mark Allen
  • Jamie Cope 1–3 Peter Ebdon
  • Mark Davis 3–0 Stephen Lee
  • Matthew Stevens 0–3 Peter Ebdon
  • Mark Selby 3–2 Mark Allen
  • Matthew Stevens 3–2 Stephen Lee
  • Mark Davis 0–3 Mark Allen
  • Mark Selby 3–0 Jamie Cope

Table

Pos Player Pld W L FF FA FD
1   Mark Selby ( ENG) 6 6 0 18 5 +13 Qualification to Group 4 play-off
2   Peter Ebdon ( ENG) 6 4 2 13 9 +4
3   Mark Davis ( ENG) 6 4 2 12 10 +2
4   Mark Allen ( NIR) 6 3 3 13 11 +2
5   Jamie Cope ( ENG) 6 2 4 10 16 −6 Advances into Group 5
6   Matthew Stevens ( WAL) 6 1 5 10 17 −7 Eliminated from the competition
7   Stephen Lee ( ENG) 6 1 5 9 17 −8
Source: [4]

Play-offs

Semi-finals
Best of 5 frames
Final
Best of 5 frames
      
1   Mark Selby ( ENG) 3
4   Mark Allen ( NIR) 2
1   Mark Selby ( ENG) 1
3   Mark Davis ( ENG) 3
2   Peter Ebdon ( ENG) 0
3   Mark Davis ( ENG) 3

Group five

Group five matches were played on 6 and 7 February 2012. [13] [14] [15] [16] Barry Hawkins was the fifth player to qualify for the final group.

Matches

  • Peter Ebdon 1–3 Mark Allen
  • Jamie Cope 0–3 Barry Hawkins
  • Ricky Walden 1–3 Mark King
  • Mark Selby 2–3 Mark Allen
  • Mark Selby 1–3 Peter Ebdon
  • Mark Allen 3–2 Jamie Cope
  • Barry Hawkins 0–3 Ricky Walden
  • Mark King 1–3 Mark Selby
  • Peter Ebdon 2–3 Jamie Cope
  • Barry Hawkins 3–1 Mark King
  • Mark Allen 2–3 Mark King
  • Ricky Walden 0–3 Jamie Cope
  • Mark Selby 3–0 Ricky Walden
  • Peter Ebdon 2–3 Barry Hawkins
  • Jamie Cope 1–3 Mark King
  • Mark Allen 3–2 Ricky Walden
  • Peter Ebdon 3–2 Mark King
  • Mark Selby 2–3 Barry Hawkins
  • Peter Ebdon 3–0 Ricky Walden
  • Mark Allen 3–0 Barry Hawkins
  • Mark Selby 2–3 Jamie Cope

Table

Pos Player Pld W L FF FA FD
1   Mark Allen ( NIR) 6 5 1 17 10 +7 Qualification to Group 5 play-off
2   Barry Hawkins ( ENG) 6 4 2 12 11 +1
3   Peter Ebdon ( ENG) 6 3 3 14 12 +2
4   Mark King ( ENG) 6 3 3 13 13 0
5   Jamie Cope ( ENG) 6 3 3 12 13 −1 Advances into Group 6
6   Mark Selby ( ENG) 6 2 4 13 13 0 Eliminated from the competition
7   Ricky Walden ( ENG) 6 1 5 6 15 −9
Source: [5]

Play-offs

Semi-finals
Best of 5 frames
Final
Best of 5 frames
      
1   Mark Allen ( NIR) 2
4   Mark King ( ENG) 3
4   Mark King ( ENG) 2
2   Barry Hawkins ( ENG) 3
2   Barry Hawkins ( ENG) 3
3   Peter Ebdon ( ENG) 2

Group six

Group six matches were played on 8 and 9 February 2012. [17] [18] Mark Allen was the sixth player to qualify for the final group.

Matches

  • Mark King 1–3 Mark Allen
  • Peter Ebdon 3–2 Jamie Cope
  • Marcus Campbell 3–0 Joe Perry
  • Dominic Dale 3–1 Mark King
  • Mark Allen 3–0 Peter Ebdon
  • Jamie Cope 3–1 Marcus Campbell
  • Joe Perry 1–3 Dominic Dale
  • Mark King 1–3 Peter Ebdon
  • Mark Allen 3–0 Jamie Cope
  • Marcus Campbell 3–2 Dominic Dale
  • Joe Perry 3–1 Jamie Cope
  • Peter Ebdon 3–2 Dominic Dale
  • Mark King 2–3 Joe Perry
  • Mark Allen 3–2 Marcus Campbell
  • Peter Ebdon 3–1 Joe Perry
  • Dominic Dale 3–2 Jamie Cope
  • Mark Allen 3–2 Dominic Dale
  • Mark King 2–3 Marcus Campbell
  • Peter Ebdon 3–1 Marcus Campbell
  • Mark King 3–1 Jamie Cope
  • Mark Allen 2–3 Joe Perry

Table

Pos Player Pld W L FF FA FD
1   Mark Allen ( NIR) 6 5 1 17 8 +9 Qualification to Group 6 play-off
2   Peter Ebdon ( ENG) 6 5 1 15 10 +5
3   Dominic Dale ( WAL) 6 3 3 15 13 +2
4   Marcus Campbell ( SCO) 6 3 3 13 13 0
5   Joe Perry ( ENG) 6 3 3 11 14 −3 Advances into Group 7
6   Mark King ( ENG) 6 1 5 10 16 −6 Eliminated from the competition
7   Jamie Cope ( ENG) 6 1 5 9 16 −7
Source: [6]

Play-offs

Semi-finals
Best of 5 frames
Final
Best of 5 frames
      
1   Mark Allen ( NIR) 3
4   Marcus Campbell ( SCO) 1
1   Mark Allen ( NIR) 3
3   Dominic Dale ( WAL) 2
2   Peter Ebdon ( ENG) 2
3   Dominic Dale ( WAL) 3

Group seven

Group seven matches were played on 19 and 20 March 2012. [19] [20] [21] [22] Ding Junhui was the last player to qualify for the final group.

Matches

  • Dominic Dale 3–1 Peter Ebdon
  • Marcus Campbell 3–1 Joe Perry
  • Ding Junhui 2–3 Ryan Day
  • Tom Ford 3–0 Dominic Dale
  • Peter Ebdon 1–3 Marcus Campbell
  • Joe Perry 2–3 Ding Junhui
  • Ryan Day 1–3 Tom Ford
  • Dominic Dale 3–1 Marcus Campbell
  • Peter Ebdon 2–3 Joe Perry
  • Ding Junhui 1–3 Tom Ford
  • Marcus Campbell 2–3 Tom Ford
  • Ryan Day 3–0 Joe Perry
  • Dominic Dale 0–3 Ryan Day
  • Peter Ebdon 1–3 Ding Junhui
  • Joe Perry 1–3 Tom Ford
  • Marcus Campbell 3–0 Ryan Day
  • Peter Ebdon 3–0 Tom Ford
  • Dominic Dale 0–3 Ding Junhui
  • Marcus Campbell 2–3 Ding Junhui
  • Peter Ebdon 3–2 Ryan Day
  • Dominic Dale 2–3 Joe Perry

Table

Pos Player Pld W L FF FA FD
1   Tom Ford ( ENG) 6 5 1 15 8 +7 Qualification to Group 7 play-off
2   Ding Junhui ( CHN) 6 4 2 15 11 +4
3   Marcus Campbell ( SCO) 6 3 3 14 11 +3
4   Ryan Day ( WAL) 6 3 3 12 11 +1
5   Peter Ebdon ( ENG) 6 2 4 11 14 −3 Eliminated from the competition
6   Joe Perry ( ENG) 6 2 4 10 16 −6
7   Dominic Dale ( WAL) 6 2 4 8 14 −6
Source: [7]

Play-offs

Semi-finals
Best of 5 frames
Final
Best of 5 frames
      
1   Tom Ford ( ENG) 3
4   Ryan Day ( WAL) 2
1   Tom Ford ( ENG) 0
2   Ding Junhui ( CHN) 3
2   Ding Junhui ( CHN) 3
3   Marcus Campbell ( SCO) 0

Final group

The matches of the final group were played on 21 and 22 March 2012. [23] [24] [25] [26] Ding Junhui has qualified for the 2012 Premier League.

Matches

  • Judd Trump 3–1 Shaun Murphy
  • Neil Robertson 1–3 Mark Davis
  • Barry Hawkins 1–3 Mark Allen
  • Ding Junhui 2–3 Judd Trump
  • Shaun Murphy 3–2 Neil Robertson
  • Mark Davis 1–3 Barry Hawkins
  • Mark Allen 2–3 Ding Junhui
  • Judd Trump 3–1 Neil Robertson
  • Shaun Murphy 3–2 Mark Davis
  • Barry Hawkins 0–3 Ding Junhui
  • Neil Robertson 0–3 Ding Junhui
  • Mark Allen 3–2 Mark Davis
  • Judd Trump 1–3 Mark Allen
  • Shaun Murphy 0–3 Barry Hawkins
  • Mark Davis 1–3 Ding Junhui
  • Neil Robertson 3–1 Mark Allen
  • Shaun Murphy 3–2 Ding Junhui
  • Judd Trump 2–3 Barry Hawkins
  • Neil Robertson 3–2 Barry Hawkins
  • Shaun Murphy 1–3 Mark Allen
  • Judd Trump 2–3 Mark Davis

Table

Pos Player Pld W L FF FA FD
1   Ding Junhui ( CHN) 6 4 2 16 9 +7 Qualification to Winners' Group play-off
2   Mark Allen ( NIR) 6 4 2 15 11 +4
3   Judd Trump ( ENG) 6 3 3 14 13 +1
4   Barry Hawkins ( ENG) 6 3 3 12 12 0
5   Shaun Murphy ( ENG) 6 3 3 11 15 −4 Eliminated from the competition
6   Mark Davis ( ENG) 6 2 4 12 15 −3
7   Neil Robertson ( AUS) 6 2 4 10 15 −5
Source: [8]

Play-offs

Semi-finals
Best of 5 frames
Final
Best of 5 frames
      
1   Ding Junhui ( CHN) 3
4   Barry Hawkins ( ENG) 1
1   Ding Junhui ( CHN) 3
3   Judd Trump ( ENG) 1
2   Mark Allen ( NIR) 0
3   Judd Trump ( ENG) 3

Century breaks

Total: 111

Bold: highest break in the indicated group.

Winnings

No. Player 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 W TOTAL
1   Ding Junhui ( CHN) 6,300 16,600 22,900
2   Mark Allen ( NIR) 2,900 3,300 6,500 8,500 21,200
3   Mark Selby ( ENG) 2,900 4,700 5,500 5,500 1,300 19,900
4   Mark Davis ( ENG) 2,700 2,200 2,800 6,000 3,600 17,300
5   Judd Trump ( ENG) 6,000 10,400 16,400
6   Shaun Murphy ( ENG) 5,000 6,100 3,300 14,400
7   Barry Hawkins ( ENG) 6,000 6,900 12,900
8   Neil Robertson ( AUS) 3,000 6,200 3,000 12,200
9   Peter Ebdon ( ENG) 2,300 3,000 3,600 1,100 10,000
10   Matthew Stevens ( WAL) 1,100 1,300 3,100 1,000 6,500
11   Mark King ( ENG) 4,800 1,000 5,800
=   Dominic Dale ( WAL) 5,000 800 5,800
13   Marcus Campbell ( SCO) 2,600 2,900 5,500
14   Tom Ford ( ENG) 4,400 4,400
15   Jamie Cope ( ENG) 1,200 1,000 1,200 900 4,300
16   Ryan Day ( WAL) 2,800 2,800
17   Joe Perry ( ENG) 1,100 1,000 2,100
18   Andrew Higginson ( ENG) 1,500 1,500
19   Martin Gould ( ENG) 1,100 1,100
=   Ricky Walden ( ENG) 1,100 1,100
21   Stuart Bingham ( ENG) 1,000 1,000
=   Stephen Hendry ( SCO) 1,000 1,000
23   Ali Carter ( ENG) 900 900
=   Stephen Lee ( ENG) 900 900
25   Mark Williams ( WAL) 800 800
Total prize money 20,100 19,100 20,900 19,600 20,700 20,700 19,300 52,300 192,700

Green: Won the group. Bold: Highest break in the group. All prize money in GBP.

References

  1. ^ "Gutsy Stevens Takes CLS Title". World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association. Archived from the original on 12 June 2012. Retrieved 25 March 2012.
  2. ^ "Prize fund for 2012 Championship League Snooker". premierleaguesnooker.com. Matchroom Sport. 20 December 2012. Archived from the original on 19 February 2012. Retrieved 9 February 2012.
  3. ^ "Championship League – Group 1 (2012)". Snooker.org. Retrieved 10 January 2012.
  4. ^ "Trump Wins First Championship League Group". worldsnooker.com. World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association. Retrieved 11 January 2012.
  5. ^ "2012 CLS – Group One results". championshipleaguesnooker.co.uk. Matchroom Sport. Archived from the original on 23 February 2014. Retrieved 10 January 2012.
  6. ^ "Championship League – Group 2 (2012)". Snooker.org. Retrieved 12 January 2012.
  7. ^ "Championship League: Murphy Takes Group Two". worldsnooker.com. World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association. Retrieved 14 January 2012.
  8. ^ "2012 CLS – Group Two results". championshipleaguesnooker.co.uk. Matchroom Sport. Archived from the original on 23 February 2014. Retrieved 12 January 2012.
  9. ^ "Championship League – Group 3 (2012)". Snooker.org. Retrieved 24 January 2012.
  10. ^ "2012 CLS – Group Three results". championshipleaguesnooker.co.uk. Matchroom Sport. Archived from the original on 23 February 2014. Retrieved 24 January 2012.
  11. ^ "Championship League – Group 4 (2012)". Snooker.org. Retrieved 26 January 2012.
  12. ^ "2012 CLS – Group Four results". championshipleaguesnooker.co.uk. Matchroom Sport. Archived from the original on 23 February 2014. Retrieved 26 January 2012.
  13. ^ "Championship League – Group 5 (2012)". Snooker.org. Retrieved 7 February 2012.
  14. ^ "Championship League - Allen In Front". worldsnooker.com. World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association. Retrieved 20 March 2012.
  15. ^ "Championship League - Hawkins Wins Group Five". worldsnooker.com. World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association. Retrieved 20 March 2012.
  16. ^ "2012 CLS – Group Five results". championshipleaguesnooker.co.uk. Matchroom Sport. Archived from the original on 23 February 2014. Retrieved 7 February 2012.
  17. ^ "Championship League – Group 6 (2012)". Snooker.org. Retrieved 9 February 2012.
  18. ^ "2012 CLS – Group Six results". championshipleaguesnooker.co.uk. Matchroom Sport. Archived from the original on 23 February 2014. Retrieved 9 February 2012.
  19. ^ "Championship League – Group 7 (2012)". Snooker.org. Retrieved 20 March 2012.
  20. ^ "Ford In Cruise Control". worldsnooker.com. World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association. Retrieved 20 March 2012.
  21. ^ "Ding Storms Final Group". worldsnooker.com. World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association. Retrieved 21 March 2012.
  22. ^ "2012 CLS – Group Seven results". championshipleaguesnooker.co.uk. Matchroom Sport. Archived from the original on 23 February 2014. Retrieved 20 March 2012.
  23. ^ "Championship League – Final Group (2012)". Snooker.org. Retrieved 22 March 2012.
  24. ^ "Trump And Ding Lead The Way". worldsnooker.com. World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association. Retrieved 23 March 2012.
  25. ^ "Ding Wins Championship League". worldsnooker.com. World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association. Archived from the original on 26 March 2012. Retrieved 23 March 2012.
  26. ^ "2012 CLS – Final Group results". championshipleaguesnooker.co.uk. Matchroom Sport. Archived from the original on 23 February 2014. Retrieved 22 March 2012.

External links