Discovery [1] | |
---|---|
Discovered by | K. Reinmuth |
Discovery site | Heidelberg Obs. |
Discovery date | 12 August 1923 |
Designations | |
(1025) Riema | |
Named after | Johannes Riem (German astronomer) [2] |
1923 NX · A923 QA | |
main-belt · ( inner) [1] · Hungaria [3] [4] | |
Orbital characteristics [1] | |
Epoch 4 September 2017 ( JD 2458000.5) | |
Uncertainty parameter 0 | |
Observation arc | 93.81 yr (34,264 days) |
Aphelion | 2.0572 AU |
Perihelion | 1.9009 AU |
1.9790 AU | |
Eccentricity | 0.0395 |
2.78 yr (1,017 days) | |
102.31 ° | |
0° 21m 14.4s / day | |
Inclination | 26.863° |
163.39° | |
349.06° | |
Physical characteristics | |
Dimensions | 4.605±0.171 km
[5] 5.48 km (derived) [3] |
3.566±0.005
h
[6] 3.578±0.002 h [a] [b] 3.580±0.005 h [7] 3.581±0.002 h [8] [c] 3.581±0.001 h [9] [b] 3.588±0.002 h [10] [b] 6.557±0.001 h [11] | |
1.000±0.000
[5] 0.166±0.036 [12] 0.40 (assumed) [3] | |
E (
Tholen), Xe (
SMASS) M [13] · Xe [3] B–V = 0.714 [1] U–B = 0.294 [1] V–R = 0.440±0.010 [11] | |
12.30
[5] · 12.5
[1] 12.57±0.28 [14] · 12.92±0.04 [3] [15] [16] | |
1025 Riema, provisional designation 1923 NX, is a bright Hungaria asteroid from the innermost regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 5 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 12 August 1923, by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg Observatory in southwest Germany. [17] The asteroid was named after ARI astronomer Johannes Riem. [2]
Riema is a member of the Hungaria family, which form the innermost dense concentration of asteroids in the Solar System. It orbits the Sun at a distance of 1.9–2.1 AU once every 2 years and 9 months (1,017 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.04 and an inclination of 27 ° with respect to the ecliptic. [1] The asteroid's observation arc begins at Heidelberg, four nights after its official discovery observation. [17]
In the Tholen classification, Riema is a bright E-type asteroid. In the SMASS taxonomy, it has been classified as a Xe-type, which transitions from the E to the X-types. [1] In addition, the asteroid has also been polarimetrically characterized as a metallic M-type asteroid. [13]
In August 2001, a first rotational lightcurve of Riema was obtained from photometric observations by Ukrainian astronomers at Kharkiv ( 101) and Simeiz ( 094). Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 6.557 hours with a brightness variation of 0.25 magnitude ( U=2). [11]
The Ukrainian team also determined the body's poles and axis-ratios. They found a spin axis of (141.0°, 11.0°) and (321.0.0°, −13.0°) in ecliptic coordinates (λ, β), as well as a semi-axis ratio of 3.41 (a/b) and 1.16 (b/c) for the three-axial ellipsoid model ( Q=2). [11]
Between 2003 and 2017, several additional lightcurves were obtained by American photometrists Robert Stephens and Brian Warner at the Santana Observatory ( 646), the Palmer Divide Observatory ( 716) and the Palmer Divide Station ( U82), respectively. The constructed lightcurve gave a shorter period for Riema between 3.566 and 3.588 hours with a low amplitude of 0.06 to 0.19 magnitude ( U=2/2/2+/2+/3/3). [7] [8] [9] [10] [a] [c] [b]
According to the survey carried out by the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Riema measures 4.605 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an outstandingly high albedo of 1.000. [5] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes an albedo for E-type Hungaria asteroids of 0.40 – taken from 434 Hungaria, the family's largest member and namesake – and derives a diameter of 5.48 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 12.92. [3]
This minor planet was named after Johannes Karl Richard Riem (1868–1945), a German astronomer at the Astronomisches Rechen-Institut (ARI) in Berlin. The name was suggested by ARI. The official naming citation was published by Paul Herget in The Names of the Minor Planets in 1955 ( H 98). [2]