The events began with the attempt late on August 17 by Newberry
constable George Wynne to serve a warrant on Boisey Long, an
African–American man, for stealing
hogs. Accounts differ about how the conflict began and who fired first, but Long shot and killed Wynne, and wounded another man, L. G. Harris, who accompanied him. Long escaped, but surrendered to authorities two days later.
In the meantime, a
posse was organized by the
sheriff. The posse shot and killed Jim Dennis, a friend of Long. The sheriff said he was
resisting arrest. Relatives and friends of Long were rounded up and taken to jail for allegedly helping him escape; they were Bert and Mary Dennis, Long's wife Stella Young, and two friends of Dennis, Andrew McHenry and Reverend Josh Baskin. A mob of 200[1] took them from the jail the morning of August 18 and hanged them from a single
oak tree, one mile from Newberry; newspapers called it "a lynching bee."[2][3] The tree no longer exists, but it was at the intersection of
Newberry Lane and
Alachua County Route 235.[4] So many
African–Americans gathered when the news of the lynchings reached them that whites were afraid of a "
race war”.[5]
No arrests were ever made. The
Ocala Evening Star reported a rumor that the coroner's jury had returned a verdict that the six lynching victims had died in freak accidents, such as running into a barbed wire fence and bleeding to death, or falling out of a tree and choking to death or breaking their necks.[6] Archivist Rebecca Fitzsimmons at the
Matheson History Museum has noted that legal documents pertaining to the lynchings have not been found.[7]
Long was tried on September 7, found guilty after an
all-white jury deliberated seven minutes, and sentenced to
hang.[8] He was executed in the yard of the Alachua County jail on October 27, 1916. A man who had voiced an opinion approving the killing of Wynne was forced to leave town.[9]
According to historian Patricia Hilliard-Nunn, as many as nine people may have been lynched or shot to death during the events.[10] The Alachua County Historical Commission presented research in 2018 that concluded at least 43 lynchings took place in Alachua County in the 18th and 19th centuries.[11]
In 2019, a marker was unveiled in remembrance of the lynchings and to acknowledge the black men and women who were murdered.[12]