Xiangnan_Tuhua References

Xiangnan Tuhua
Xiangnan Tuhua
Tuhua
Native to	China
Region	southern Hunan
Ethnicity	Chinese
Language family	Sino-Tibetan Sinitic Chinese (unclassified) Xiangnan Tuhua; ; ; ;
Writing system	Nüshu
Language codes
ISO 639-3	None (mis)

Xiangnan Tuhua ( simplified Chinese: 湘南土话; traditional Chinese: 湘南土話; pinyin: Xiāngnán Tǔhuà; lit. 'local languages of southern Hunan'), or simply Tuhua, is a group of unclassified Chinese varieties of southeastern Hunan. It is spoken throughout some areas of Yongzhou prefecture (apart from Qiyang County in the northeast) and in the western half of Chenzhou prefecture, in which Xiangnan dialects of Southwestern Mandarin are also spoken.^[1] Xiangnan Tuhua is spoken by the Sinicized Pingdi ('plains') Yao.^[2]

Xiangnan Tuhua is the language of Nüshu, the "women's script" of Jiangyong County in Yongzhou.^[3]

References

^ Kurpaska, Maria (2010). Chinese Language(s): A Look Through the Prism of "The Great Dictionary of Modern Chinese Dialects". Walter de Gruyter. p. 73. ISBN 978-3-11-021914-2.
^ Chiang, William Wei (1995). "We two know the script; we have become good friends". University Press of America. p. 28, footnote 43. ISBN 0-7618-0013-1.
^ Chiang (1995), p. 122.

Miyake, Marc. 2014. A dip into white waters. (Parts 1-4, 5-8, 9-10). [Xiangnan Tuhua historical phonology]