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American botanist and microbiologist
William Martin (born February 16, 1957, in
Bethesda, Maryland ) is an American botanist and microbiologist, currently Head of the Institut für Molekulare Evolution,
Heinrich Heine Universität ,
Düsseldorf .
Born in
Bethesda, Maryland , Martin was educated at
Richland College , Dallas, Texas, and
Texas A&M University . After working as a
carpenter in Dallas, Martin moved to
Hannover , Germany, and obtained his university Diploma from
Technische Universität Hannover in 1985. Martin's PhD is from
Max-Planck-Institut für Züchtungsforschung,
Cologne , where he did
postdoctoral research , followed by further postdoctoral work at Institut für Genetik,
Technische Universität Braunschweig , where he obtained his
Habilitation in 1992.[
citation needed ] In 1999, Martin became full (C4) professor at Universität Düsseldorf.[
citation needed ]
Martin is a distinguished and sometimes controversial[
citation needed ] contributor to the field of
molecular evolution and the
origin of life . He is known particularly for his work on the evolution of the
Calvin cycle and
plastids including
chloroplasts , and, more generally, for contributions to understanding the origin and evolution of
eukaryotic cells . Martin is co-author, with Miklos Mueller of
Rockefeller University , of the 1998 paper The
Hydrogen hypothesis for the first
eukaryote .[
citation needed ] A wealth of subsequent research papers include contributions, independently and with
Michael J. Russell of the
NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory , to understanding the geochemical origins of cells and their biochemical pathways. Martin's work is well cited (nearly 30,000 times) and he has an h-index of 95.
[1]
Awards
Honours
2000-2007 Foreign Associate, CIAR Programme in Evolutionary Biology
2001- Faculty 1000 Member for Plant Genomes and Evolution
2006- Elected Fellow, American Academy for Microbiology
2006-2009 Julius von Haast Fellow of the New Zealand Ministry for Research, Science and Technology
2008 Elected Member of the Nordrhein-Westfälische Akademie der Wissenschaften
Selected publications
Martin, W; Mueller, M (1998). "The hydrogen hypothesis for the first eukaryote". Nature . 392 (6671): 37–41.
Bibcode :
1998Natur.392...37M .
doi :
10.1038/32096 .
PMID
9510246 .
S2CID
338885 .
Martin, W; Stoebe, B; Goremykin, V; Hansmann, S; Hasegawa, M; Kowallik, KV (1998). "Gene transfer to the nucleus and the evolution of chloroplasts". Nature . 393 (6681): 162–165.
Bibcode :
1998Natur.393..162M .
doi :
10.1038/30234 .
PMID
11560168 .
S2CID
205000315 .
Race, HL; Herrmann, RG; Martin, W (1999).
"Why have organelles retained genomes?" (PDF) . Trends in Genetics . 15 (9): 364–370.
doi :
10.1016/s0168-9525(99)01766-7 .
PMID
10461205 .
Martin, W; Rujan, T; Richly, E; Hansen, A; Cornelsen, S; Lins, T; Leister, D; Stoebe, B; Hasegawa, M; Penny, D (2002).
"Evolutionary analysis of Arabidopsis, cyanobacterial, and chloroplast genomes reveals plastid phylogeny and thousands of cyanobacterial genes in the nucleus" . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA . 99 (19): 12246–12251.
Bibcode :
2002PNAS...9912246M .
doi :
10.1073/pnas.182432999 .
PMC
129430 .
PMID
12218172 .
Martin, W; Russell, MJ (2003).
"On the origins of cells: An hypothesis for the evolutionary transitions from abiotic geochemistry to chemoautotrophic prokaryotes, and from prokaryotes to nucleated cells" . Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B . 358 (1429): 59–85.
doi :
10.1098/rstb.2002.1183 .
PMC
1693102 .
PMID
12594918 .
Weiss, MC; Sousa, FL; Mrnjavac, N; Neukirchen, S; Roettger, M; Nelson-Sathi, S; Martin, WF (2016). "The physiology and habitat of the last universal common ancestor". Nature Microbiology . 1 (9): 16116.
doi :
10.1038/nmicrobiol.2016.116 .
PMID
27562259 .
S2CID
2997255 .
References
External links
International National Academics Other