Hodgkin was an English historian who taught at
Queen's College,
Oxford, from 1900 to 1937, and was its
provost from 1937 until 1946. He was known for his works A History of the Anglo-Saxons (1935) and Six Centuries of an Oxford College: A History of the Queen's College, 1340–1940 (1949). Despite his
Quaker background, he volunteered to serve in the
Second Boer War and the
First World War -- his involvement in the former forced him to sever his connection to the pacifist Quakers.
Per Hawkeye's and Balon's FAC nom statement, "This article is about the second oldest living American astronaut after his
Gemini 7 and
Apollo 8 crew mate
Frank Borman. He also flew the
Gemini 12 mission with
Buzz Aldrin, who is two years younger. Lovell was part of the
Next Nine group of astronauts selected in 1962 that also included
Neil Armstrong, and he was Armstrong's backup for the
Apollo 11 mission. Today he is probably best known for his unsuccessful final mission,
Apollo 13, which was made into the 1995 film Apollo 13, in which he appeared."
Another in Harry's series on war memorials, this article is part of two loose series (railway company war memorials and
Charles Sargeant Jagger's war memorials). It follows on from two previous nominations of Jagger's works, the
Royal Artillery Memorial and
Portsmouth War Memorial. The Great Western Railway (GWR) memorial stands on platform 1 at
Paddington station in London, and commemorates 2,500 employees of the GWR who died in the First World War. One third of the GWR's workforce of almost 80,000 fought in the conflict, the company guaranteeing their jobs.
The latest in PM's series on warships of the former
Yugoslavia, this article looks at the Uskok or Četnik class of
motor torpedo boats built for the
Royal Yugoslav Navy in the late 1920s. Based on a British design, they deployed their torpedoes by lining the boat up with the target, dropping them off the back of the boat and steering away. Both boats were captured by in April 1941 and commissioned in the Italian Navy. One sank in 1942 when its hull failed, and the second one became non-operational in September 1943 and sailed to Allied-occupied southern Italy, to be broken up after the war.
In nominator Gog's succint description, "Another obscure North African campaign involving the Carthaginians", this conflict occurred in 240 BC in what is now north-west Tunisia, where a
Carthaginian army led by
Hamilcar Barca defeated a rebel army led by
Spendius and
Autaritus, following the defection to
Carthage of 2,000
Numidian cavalry led by
Naravas. This was part of the larger
Mercenary War that had begun in 241 BC, wherein Carthage fought a coalition of
mutinous soldiers and rebellious African cities.
The subject of this article is a military coup led by President
Getúlio Vargas, with the support of the Brazilian Armed Forces, in November 1937. Vargas came to power in 1930 with military backing, and ruled as provisional president until elections were held in 1934. He then became constitutional president of Brazil a 1935 communist uprising fuelled speculation over a potential self-coup. Vargas could not seek re-election, but was unwilling to cede power. On 10 November 1937, the military surrounded the National Congress and cabinet approved a new constitution that gave dictatorial powers to Vargas.
Mu'awiya I, born somewhere between 597 and 605, was the founder and first ruler of the
Umayyad Caliphate, reigning from 661 until his death in 680. He became caliph barely a generation after the death of the
Islamic prophet
Muhammad and followed four
Rashidun, or "rightly guided", caliphs. Mu'awiya differed from his predecessors in coming late to Muhammed's teachings, as opposed to being a close, early companion of the prophet. In what was then an unprecedented move he nominated his son,
Yazid I, as his successor.
The H2S was the first airborne, ground scanning radar system. It was developed for the Royal Air Force's Bomber Command during World War II to identify targets on the ground for night and all-weather bombing. The radar proved successful, and was widely used. Improved variants of the system remained in service until 1993.
American services and supply played a crucial part in the World War II
Siegfried Line campaign, which ran from the end of the pursuit of the German armies from Normandy in mid-September 1944 until December 1944, when the American forces were engulfed by the German Ardennes offensive. Problems with port capacity and transportation created many shortages, but many others were the result of underestimating requirements and mismanagement.
This article covers the deportation and murder of Greek Jews, mostly as a result of their deportation to
Auschwitz concentration camp, during World War II. By 1945, between 83 and 87 percent of Greek Jews were dead, among the highest proportion in Europe. Greece was invaded by Germany in 1941, and organised killings of Jews began in 1943. Around 10,000 of the 72,000 to 77,000 Jews who lived in Greece prior to the war survived by going into hiding, fighting with the resistance, or surviving their deportation.
About The Bugle
First published in 2006, the Bugle is the monthly newsletter of the English Wikipedia's Military history WikiProject.