Human voice added by User:Subas Chandra Rout on 2019-07-19T07:58:44.188Z
Human voice added by User:Subas Chandra Rout on 2019-07-19T05:25:44.432Z
Human voice added by User:Subas Chandra Rout on 2019-07-17T03:26:03.286Z

VideoWiki/Polio ( Tutorial)
Link to Commons
Steps for video creation
Step 1	Preview my changes (10 sec)
Step 2	Upload to Commons (10 min)

Edit with VisualEditor

Polio, also called poliomyelitis, or infantile paralysis, is an infectious disease caused by the poliovirus. ^[1]

Polio causes muscle weakness, resulting in an inability to move in roughly one half percent of people, who are infected with the virus. ^[1]

Onset of symptoms

This can occur over a few hours, to a few days. ^{[1] [2]}

Areas of the body affected

The weakness most often involves the legs, but can also include the muscles of the head, neck, and diaphragm. ^[1]

Risk of death

Many people fully recover, ^[1] but there is a risk of death. About 2 to 5 percent of children, and 15 to 30 percent of adults die, if they develop muscle weakness. ^[1]

Minor symptoms

Another 25 percent of people infected have minor symptoms such as fever, and a sore throat, that resolve in one to two weeks ^[1] . Five percent have headache, neck stiffness, and pains in the arms and legs. ^{[1] [2]} About 70 percent of infections have no symptoms at all. ^[1]

Post-polio syndrome

Years after recovery , post-polio syndrome may occur with a slow development of muscle weakness, similar to the persons original symptoms. ^[3]

Poliovirus is usually spread from person to person through infected fecal matter entering the mouth, ^[1] from food or water containing human feces, and less commonly from infected saliva. ^{[1] [2]}

Duration of infectiousness

Those who are infected may spread the disease for up to six weeks, even if no symptoms are present. ^[1]

Diagnosis

The disease may be diagnosed by finding the virus in the feces, or detecting antibodies against it in the blood. ^[1] The disease only occurs naturally in humans. ^[1]

Polio is preventable with the polio vaccine; however, multiple doses are required for it to be effective. ^[2]

Vaccine boosters

The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends polio vaccination boosters for travelers, and those who live in countries where the disease is occurring. ^[4]

Treatment and current cases

Once infected there is no specific treatment. ^[2] In 2018, there were 33 cases of wild polio, and 103 cases of vaccine-derived polio. ^[5] This is down from 350,000 wild cases in 1988. ^[2] In 2018, the disease was only spread between people in Afghanistan and Pakistan. ^[5]

Poliomyelitis has existed for thousands of years, with depictions of the disease in ancient art. ^[1] The disease was first recognized as a distinct condition by the English physician Michael Underwood in 1789, ^[1] and the virus that causes it was first identified in 1908 by the Austrian immunologist Karl Landsteiner. ^[6]

History of endemic polio

Major outbreaks started to occur in the late 19th century, in Europe and the United States. ^[1] In the 20th century it became one of the most worrying childhood diseases in these areas. ^[7]

History of the polio vaccine

The first polio vaccine was developed in the 1950s by Jonas Salk. ^[8] In 2013, the World Health Organization hoped that vaccination efforts, and early detection of cases would result in global eradication of the disease by 2018. ^[9]