This species is gregarious, and at favoured sites, the flocks of a thousand or more birds arriving at dawn are an impressive sight. As the name implies, these are noisy
birds with a clear three-note whistling call.
The white-faced whistling duck has a long grey bill, a long head, and longish legs. It has a black neck and head, and a distinctive white face that gives it its name, though the amount of white color visible has regional variations among the species. For example, the white-faced whistling ducks with more black coloration are commonly found in western Africa where rainfall supersedes the dry season. The back and wings are dark brown to black, and the underparts are black with a fine white barring on the flanks. The neck is chestnut. Males and females have similar plumage. Juveniles are similar in color to adults but have a much less contrasted head pattern.
Distribution and habitat
The white-faced whistling duck has a peculiar disjunctive distribution, occurring in Africa and South America. It has been suggested that they may have been transported to new locations worldwide by humans. The habitat is still freshwater lakes or reservoirs, with plentiful vegetation, where this
duck feeds on seeds and other plant food.
Because of its large range, there are many common names for the white-faced whistling duck, including "irere" and "guiriri".[6][7]
Behaviour and ecology
This is an abundant species. It is largely resident, apart from local movements which can be 100 km or more.
Breeding
The nest site is a depression in the ground or in reed beds. The clutch is 6 to 12 eggs which are incubated by both sexes. The eggs hatch after 26 to 28 days. Both sexes attend the ducklings and usually keep them hidden in reeds.[8] The chicks have dark down above and yellow down below. They fledge after two months.[9]
Conservation
The white-faced whistling duck is one of the species to which the Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds (
AEWA) applies.
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Treca, B., 1981: Diet of the white-faced Tree Duck (Dendrocygna viduata) in the Senegal delta. Oiseau et la Revue Francaise d’ Ornithologie 51(3): 219-238
Petrie, Scott A.; Rogers, Kevin H. (1997). "Activity budget of breeding white-faced whistling ducks Dendrocygna viduata on stock-ponds in semi-arid South Africa, and a comparison with north-temperate waterfowl". South African Journal of Wildlife Research. 27 (3): 79–85.
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Petrie, Scott A. (2005). "Spring body condition, moult status, diet and behaviour of white-faced whistling ducks (Dendrocygna viduata) in northern South Africa". African Zoology. 40 (1): 83–92.
doi:
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Gauthier-Clerc, Michel; Tamisier, Alain; Cezilly, Frank (1994). "Sleeping and vigilance in the white-faced whistling-duck". The Wilson Bulletin. 106 (4): 759–762.
JSTOR4163495.
Alexander, S. J.; McLaughlin, J. D. (1997). "A checklist of helminths from the respiratory system and gastrointestinal tracts of African Anatidae". Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research. 64 (1): 5–16.
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