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Web literacy refers to the skills and competencies needed for reading, writing, and participating on the web. [1] It has been described as "both content and activity" – i.e., web users should not just learn about the web but also about how to make their own website. [2]
In the late 1990s, literacy researchers started to explore the differences between printed text and the network-enabled devices with screens. This research was largely focused on two areas: the credibility of information that can be found on the World Wide Web [3] and the difference that hypertext makes to 'reading' and 'writing'. [4] These skills were included in definitions of information literacy and included in a SCONUL position paper in 1999. [5] This paper became the '7 Pillars of Information Literacy', which was last updated in 2011. [6]
The Mozilla Foundation is a non-profit organization that promotes openness, innovation and participation on the Internet. It has created a Web Literacy Map [1] in consultation with a community of stakeholders from formal and informal education, as well as industry. [7] Web literacy is described as "the skills and competencies needed for reading, writing and participating on the web". [1] Work on what was originally entitled a Web Literacy 'Standard' began in early 2013. Version 1.0 was launched at the Mozilla Festival later that year. [8] Going forward, 'standard' was seen to be problematic and against the ethos of what the Mozilla community was trying to achieve. [9]
Literacy Version 1.1 of the Web Literacy Map was released in early 2014 [10] and underpins the Mozilla Foundation's Webmaker resources section, where learners and mentors can find activities that help teach related areas. Although the Web Literacy Map is a list of strands, skills and competencies, it is most commonly represented as a competency grid.
The Mozilla community finalized the version 1.5 of the Web Literacy Map at the end of March 2015. [11] This involves small changes to the competencies layer and a comprehensive review of the skills they contain. [12]
(Navigating the Web)
(Creating the Web)
(Participating on the Web)