The hamlets were usually in plains, without defensive structures (Camp del Rector, La Prunera). The huts were aerial, as
postholes were used to keep the structure, other huts had instead a stone basement (Ca n'Isach, El Coll), and even others were partially excavated on the ground (Can Vinyals).[7]
Artifacts
Clothing was advanced as a
spindle whorl used to create textiles was found in Bòbila Madurell site (Sant Quirze del Vallès, Barcelona province). Metallurgy was used and some beads made of gold and copper are known.[8]
Burials
The Veraza people were responsible for erecting many of the
megalithic monuments in the region where they were settled, as was the case with the
dolmen Lo Morrel dos Fados,
Pépieux (Aude).[9]
Other burials known from the Véraza culture were caves (Cova del Frare, Cau de la Guineu), artificial caves with megalithic entrance known as paradolmens (Rec de la Quarentena, Costa de Can Martorell), collective pits, and
hypogea.
Menhirs were erected like those of Mollet, Sitja del Llop or Ca l'Estrada.[10]
Genetic profile
Individuals buried in paradolmens of La Clape massif near
Narbonne (Grotte du Rouquet and Grotte des Tortues), and dated to the last third of the IV millennium (Véraza period) were geneticaly tested: all males had Y-chromosome
haplogroup I-M438, being four males assigned to the subclade I2a1b1b1, and the other to I2a1a2. The autosomal components were 3/4
Ancient Neolithic Farmer, 1/4
Western Hunter-Gatherer.[11] In the southernmost geographic range of the Véraza culture, 13 individuals found in the paradolmen Cova de la Guineu[12] (Font-Rubí, Barcelona) were tested, the Y-DNA results of the individuals with enough genetic coverage were: 2 x I, 1 x I2, 1 x I2a2a, 2 x G2a (G2a2a1a3 and G2a2b2b1a1).[13] The remains of three individuals buried in the dolmen des Fades (or Morrel dos Fados) were tested, the Y-DNA of the male individual was assigned to the subclade I2a1a1a1.[14]
References
^Cólliga, Araceli Martín.
"El grupo de Veraza en Cataluña-1977". MARTIN, A. (1977): El grupo de Veraza en Cataluña, XIV Congreso Nacional de Arqueología. Vitoria, 1975: 341-354.
^Guilaine, Jean (1980). Le Groupe de Véraza et la fin des temps néolithiques: dans le sud de la France et la Catalogne. Paris: Éditions du C.N.R.S.
ISBN2222027160.
^Willing, Matthias (2011). "Die Véraza-Kultur: Eine «vergessene» Megalithkultur in Südfrankreich". Antike Welt. 1: 42.