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ARTICLE CREATIONS

Viaggio (railcar)

Viaggio is the brand name given to a series of locomotive-hauled railcars built by Siemens. They are used in multiple locations around the world, where lack of electrification or speed prevents the Velaro from being used. Despite its name, the coaches have never been built for or have served Italy.

Infobox Project

New Infobox, soon to become infobox maritime carrier

New Article

The San Diego County Transit System (SDCTS or CTS) was a public transit system in San Diego, California, that existed from 1979 to 2002. It operated bus service to East County and South Bay areas, excluding routes operated by North County Transit District.

History

Formation

The Southeast San Diego County Senior Advisory Board received a grant to operate a van service along California State Route 94 from Jacumba to El Cajon via Campo, Dulzura and Potrero. 18 months later, in mid 1975, the County of San Diego began to subsidize the operation. Meanwhile, in El Cajon, transit bus service was operated as en extension of city bus service from the San Diego Transit Corporation. These routes were ceded to the NCTD in 1978.

Start of operations

In early 1979, the county Board of Supervisors issued an invitation to tender for a multi-year management contract, which included operations and maintenance of the bus fleet that had been established at that time. As part of the contract, NCTD would cede the East County routes into a new system. In order for a new rural route to Borrego Springs to begin, a Northeast Rural Bus Board was formed to select roads to effectively reach the area. In mid-1979, the county awarded the contract to Aztec Bus Lines. The first day of CTS service occured on September 10 of that year. In December, CTS began WHEELS paratransit service, which would be expanded in 1990.

Improvements for commuters

By the 1980s, CTS assumed mutual oversight and procurement rights for Poway Transit, National City Transit, and Chula Vista Transit. The system names were retained. When the San Diego Association of Governments was formed in 1980, a new numbering scheme was adopted. National City routes were given the 600-series, Chula Vista routes had 700-series numbers and other CTS routes had the 800 and 900-series numbers based on location. CTS launched Commuter Express bus service (direct predecessor to today's Rapid service) in 1981 with two routes, Route 800 would take Interstate 5 to Oceanside and Route 810 would take SR-163 and Interstate 15 to Escondido. These routes were contracted to charter bus operators and used the operator's apportioned vehicles. This allowed the motorcoaches to be used to ferry tourists around the city during off-peak hours and weekends.

In 1984, CTS introduced the Poway Airporter, a service that provided a one-seat service from Poway to the San Diego International Airport. Poway also received the third commuter route (numbered 820), and two flex routes, which would be converted to fixed routes (now routes 944 and 945) by the end of the year.

The first CTS-led procurement occured in 1985 for nine new Orion I transit coaches. These were put into service in 1986.

By 1987, the contract passed on to Seventeen Counties, which supplemented the CTS fleet with its own Gillig Phantom transit coaches. On June 23, 1989, all East County routes were placed into a new hub at the El Cajon Transit Center. Mid-size specialty buses replaced the vans on rural services with the opening of the new facility, which now connects CTS with the San Diego Trolley.

1990s

In 1990, Commuter express route 830 was launched from the South Bay to Kearny Mesa. This route was discontinued years later, and will eventually be superseded by the Purple Line.

Operation of the CTS buses passed to Southwest Coaches in the early 1990s. Southwest-owned buses were replaced in from 1994 to 1997.

Buses purchased from 1995 onwards were exercised option units from the Metropolitan Transportation Development Board (MTDB Transit), operator of the San Diego Trolley. most units were powered by Detroit Series 50 diesel engines. 1995 also saw the first CNG powered buses enter service in the South Bay, and the start of fixed-route service in Santee.

With the coming of the Coaster in 1995, Commuter bus route 800 was discontinued in order to promote the new rail service. The first train departed Oceanside on the morning of February 27. The former commuter coaches were placed into new routes 850 and 860. A regional financing plan was approved in 1999.

Final Years

1999 saw the first low floor buses (2000 model C40LFs) enter service in the South Bay area. A MTDB led procurement of 50 low floor Diesel buses would occur only 6 months later. 33 of these new 2001 models would be for East County, and the remaining 16 for National City. Chula Vista would receive 25 CNG buses in two batches. The livery was red and blue for the regional routes, two tone blue for National City, and yellow and blue for Chula Vista.

On April 4, 2001, The Board of Supervisors announced they will begin to explore consolidating the CTS with MTDB. On September 30 of that year, the 33 East County low floor buses were put into service. As the last action by CTS, major rural bus expansions were approved from 2002. In February 2002, the Board approved the consolidation. The final day of CTS service was on June 28, 2002. The final bus arrived at El Cajon at 10:00pm. The combined system is now called the San Diego Metropolitan Transit System, its current livery and logos were adopted in 2005. The last pre-consolidation era buses were retired in 2016.

Celebrity Beyond

Celebrity Beyond is a future cruise ship currently being constructed for Celebrity Cruises, taking its name from the company's slogan. Beyond is being constructed at the Chantiers de l'Atlantique shipyard, and is scheduled to debut in 2021.

History

Planning

On 25 May 2016, Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd., parent company of Celebrity, announced that it had signed a memorandum of understanding with the STX Corporation (then owners of Chantiers) for the third and fourth ships for the Edge class. ^[1] The ship's name was originally meant for it's sister ship, Celebrity Apex.

Construction

Steel Cutting for Celebrity Beyond occured on 28 January 2020, ^[2] at which point Celebrity confirmed the ship's name. At the same time, it was reported that Beyond, and an unnamed future sister will evolve in design and expand in gross tonnage. ^[3]

Itineraries

The inaugural itineraries have yet to be announced by Celebrity.

Amenities

Staterooms

The Edge class staterooms are balcony staterooms above the lifeboats, and will feature Infinite Veranda technology, where the balcony window can be closed during inclement weather and rough seas. ^[4] To achieve this, the patio portion of the balcony superstructure was moved inward. Additional balcony stateroom classes include the Concierge and Aqua Class designation, select staterooms will feature sofas. Traditional Ocean View staterooms and inside staterooms will also be offered.

The Retreat is the top-of-the-line offering on board, and features the luxury suites and Edge villas. Retreat also offers dedicated dining facilities.

Lounges and retail

Like other Edge-class ships, Celebrity Beyond will feature a 270 degree, three deck observation lounge known as Eden ^[5], which features a ramp connecting decks 5 and 6, in addition to a cafe, a bar, and a 5 course dining venue.

A limited of boutique shops will be hosted on board, the names of which remain confidential.

Other Facilities

Celebrity Beyond will be fitted with the Magic Carpet tender dock, designed to prevent hull collisions while anchored offshore. While sailing, the Magic Carpet can be used as a patio. In addition, there is a spa and a fitness center and 3 pools on the lido deck.

Celebrity will debut its Virtual Concierge mobile app in 2021, allowing for contactless booking of onboard reservations and ordering room service. The app will also be synchronised with an RFID wristband to function as the stateroom key.

Works Cited

New Article 2 Information

Pronto (English: "Quick, Prompt"; stylized in all caps) is the second-generation smart card ^[1] for public transit systems in San Diego County, California. The system will be operated by the San Diego Association of Governments, and will be valid on all services operated by the Metropolitan Transit System, and on North County Transit District. It is due to launch in Summer 2021, and will replace the first generation Compass system. Pronto will also involve the installation of new fare machines at all transit stations. It will be the first, and only contactless smartcard introduction during the COVID-19 pandemic.

History

Planning and Installation

In 2018, the San Diego Metropolitan Transit System launched Elevate San Diego, a public participation plan that will address the needs for the growing population, and eventually invoke Assembly Bill 805, and increase the half-cent sales tax within MTS jurisdiction via ballot proposition. It has been postponed from 2020 due to the pandemic. In late 2020, MTS announced it was working with SANDAG on replacing the Compass smart card system. Installation began in February 2021 on MTS vehicles.

The Transition

The new system will come online in Summer 2021, when proposed fare hikes take effect. At that point, riders will need to surrender their Compass cards for the new Pronto card system. Both cards will initially be valid until the transition is completed.

Technology

The new system will be a tap-on, tap-off system, which means riders on all rail-based services within the county must tap-on before entering the station platform, and tap-off again when leaving the destination stop, in order to deduct the correct fare. For Rapid and local/mainline buses, the existing Pay-As-You-Go system will be incorporated into Pronto. The new system will also have smartphone app capability for devices with 4G and 5G technology. A person may register multiple cards under one account for groups and families. Unlimited ride passes will also be retained.

Works Cited

Bayshore Bikeway Information

The Bayshore Bikeway is a 38 kilometer (24 mile) bike path that circles the San Diego Bay. It is maintained by the Port of San Diego, and passes through the five cities that encompass the bay.

High Desert Corridor Information