Scientist | |
---|---|
Born | 1900 |
Died | 1980 |
Alma mater | Princeton |
Scientific career | |
Fields | physics |
1234567890 1234567890 1234567890 1234567890 1234567890 1234567890 1234567890 1234567890 - 80 characters
1234567890 1234567890 1234567890 1234567890 1234567890 1234567890 1234567890 1234567890 1234567890 1234567890 1234567890 1234567890 - 120
List within a sentence:
and more
Some text.[ citation needed]
A Wikilink [[Quasar ]] is a strange thing, perhaps another [[Quasar |quasar]].{{citation needed|reason=not clear|date=March 2022}}
New Zealand census example: The population of Hawke's Bay is 184,800 (June 2023). [3] Somewhat unusual use of parameters. Has generated a reference with the name NZ_population_data_2018, underscores needed. See Template:NZ population data 2018
markdown recognized
this is in code
> is this a block quote - no
<blockquote> quote </blockquote>
This is a successfully entered block quote starting with {{quote. Had to put nowiki in manually within template editor
{{evokes template editor in Visual Editor
Ethnologue reference [4] and in a more usual form [5] or [6]
test minor edit test again
test
{{
ConvertAbbrev|ISO 3166-1|alpha-2|United Kingdom}}
unnamed refs | 22 | ||
---|---|---|---|
named refs | 5 | ||
self closed | 2 | ||
cs1 refs | 26 | ||
cs1 templates | 26 | ||
rp templates | 1 | ||
cs1|2 last/first | 23 | ||
| |||
explanations |
1234567890 1234567890 1234567890 1234567890 1234567890 1234567890 1234567890 1234567890 - 80 characters
External image | |
---|---|
The computer operated loom in operation at Hemisfair 68 [1] |
In 1959 IBM began working with General Motors on an early industrial computer-aided design (CAD) system, the DAC-1. The system used a light pen to draw on the screen of a visual display unit. The project was kept secret until the 1964 Fall Joint Computer Conference.[10] At the same time IBM was working on commercial graphics products. Lourie worked on the programming for the prototype graphics terminal.[11]:61 The 2250 Graphical Display Unit was released in 1964 with the new System/360 computer.[12]
Part of Lorie's work at IBM's New York Scientific Center was researching computer applications. She was also an experienced hand weaver. (L 37 or Rutgers exhibit) In 1964 she toured a textile factory to learn about the Jacquard weaving process. Watching the punched cards control the loom she decided to propose a project for a computer driven loom.(L, 15-17, 59)
how the current system works - how the design is transferred to punch cards
describe "point paper" which is used to cut the cards large graphs since each thread in the weave needs to be controlled then row by row the graphs are converted to a set of punched cards
the economics
at that time very time consuming to produce point papers from designs many designs have to be sampled on the loom before manufacturing decisions made some companies spent 10% of their gross sales on design and cutting cards
previous solutions
two previous failed attempts to provide a way to produce the cards directly by scanning a design using special purpose hardware
After IBM announced the Textile Graphics system, many textile companies came to see demonstrations .
First system for textile printing. [2]
Square miles to square kilometers
Conversion factors and physical constants
The values for most of the conversion factors used by Template:Convert come from international and national standards documents:
The NIST document gives conversion factors correct to 7 places. Factors in bold are exact. If exact factors have more than 7 places, they are rounded and no longer exact. This convert module replaces these rounded figures with the exact figures. For example, the NIST document has 1 square mile = 2.589 988 E+06 square meters. The convert template has 1 square mile = 2,589,988.110336 square meters.
Values for the fundamental physical constants come from the NIST Reference on Constants, Units, and Uncertainty, either the 2010 or the 2014 version. The 2018 version is in preparation. While the articles on the units should be updated as the new versions come out every four years, the few more significant figures provided are probably not necessary for the way this template is used.
Definitions for historical measures are found in sources such as
Error: This template should not be used in the main article space.
“ | Haec indentate quotation est. | ” |
rather than
Haec indentate quotation est.
External image | |
---|---|
The Long Jet of the Lighthouse Nebula The pulsar IGR J1104-6103 with supernova remnant origin, nebula and jet. A faint counterjet is not visible in this image. |
Most people think of Wikipedia as the encyclopedia anyone can edit. Instead remember that Wikipedia is the encyclopedia anyone can edit.
Most people think of Wikipedia as the encyclopedia anyone can edit. Instead remember that Wikipedia is the encyclopedia anyone can edit.
{{
cite book}}
: Explicit use of et al. in: |editor=
(
help) - 2014, dumps so that could query?References
To use a value from Wikidata in Wikipedia, invoke it by property number from item number: {{#property:P2049|from=Q41918566}}
renders as 1,790 millimetre, {{#property:P1476|from=Q7507635}}
as Sickle Cell Anemia, a Molecular Disease.
This is how values are imported into infoboxes and other templates, but can be used directly in articles themselves. Is this documented somewhere?
See
{{#statements:official website|from=Q243}}
renders as
https://www.toureiffel.paris,
https://www.toureiffel.paris/en,
https://www.toureiffel.paris/itTry a Q reference, [1] and another. [2]
{{Cite Q| XXQIDXX |page= |access-date= |quote= |memo or comment}}
References
test [1]
unnamed refs | 12 | ||
---|---|---|---|
named refs | 6 | ||
self closed | 9 | ||
cs1 refs | 15 | ||
cs1 templates | 37 | ||
cs1-like refs | 1 | ||
cs1-like templates | 2 | ||
cs2 refs | 1 | ||
cs2 templates | 1 | ||
harv refs | 1 | ||
harv templates | 1 | ||
rp templates | 8 | ||
refbegin templates | 2 | ||
cs1|2 dmy dates | 7 | ||
cs1|2 mdy dates | 2 | ||
cs1|2 ymd dates | 2 | ||
cs1|2 last/first | 25 | ||
| |||
| |||
| |||
| |||
explanations |
(Urwick) [2]
(Sheldrake) [3]
(Ferguson) [4]
(Graham and Ferguson) [5]
(Steel and Cheetham) details of contracting company [6]
ergonomics influence ref, (Dempsey) [7]
on Lillian doing (coercive?) writing (Mees) [8]
1895, his own construction company
1904 - moved company to New York
met 1903, married 1904
1907
1909 - Plainfield
1911 - high point with Taylor
Wood? says Lillian changed to this name after Frank's death. (p 224, chapter on LMG in Critical Evaluations) switch from contracting to consulting about 1912 ?wind down one, grow this, when did they start? 1912 (pp126ff Lancaster) moving out of contracting and into consulting, move to Providence
May 1912 to Providence New England Butt Company - contract to install Taylorism
visit Germany 1913 with wife working in Germany aug 1914-Jan 1915 -- into 2016 work on crippled soldiers - had seen many in German hospitals
therblig came in here
declared April 1917, he tried to enlist (lan 167-8), not taken until December Ft. Sill - school of artillery, training films
rheumatic fever, March 1918 - slow recovery, result heart damage
bought Nantucket cottage 1st summer at the cottage discharge from Army Sept 1918
1920 confrontation with Taylorites (Taylor died in 1915)
think about how heart problems fit in
Graham - contracts cancelled after his death
References
one
was invoked but never defined (see the
help page).{{
cite book}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list (
link)
Harvard references
Shortened references - styles
unnamed refs | 27 | ||
---|---|---|---|
named refs | 21 | ||
self closed | 29 | ||
cs1 templates | 12 | ||
cleanup templates | 1 | ||
use xxx dates | dmy | ||
cs1|2 last/first | 12 | ||
| |||
explanations |
Look at Template:Editnotices - enforcing Harvard refs for particular articles - enforces in the sense of providing a "page" message that appears when editing a page. See Wikipedia:Editnotice.
See Template:Article style. It has a section to specify the type of referencing used. Chicago style appears to be the one for author, date citations, though Chicago also uses author-title. So better to use the parenthetical notice
My quick reconstruction of reference history on Wikipedia, based on what I can find from template and documentation histories. Many templates have been deleted, so what I put together will miss things.
Early references
Older reference templates - before automatic numbering
a simple template now redirected to Template:Citation - ?for use with Harvard refs, which didn't need to be numbered
Templates using the Mediawiki extension
The extension led to two kinds of citation templates
Ssee Wikipedia:Citation templates and reference anchors. Style 2 templates always create an anchor (wikilink within the page). Style 1 will create an anchor if asked by using ref=harv (creates the Style 2 ref) or ref=whatever you want.
Linking from the reference in the text (or for short references, in the footnotes list) to the full reference in the references list.
Issue with Privity in English law -- uses handwritten wikilinks
The article uses shortened footnotes linked by HTML anchors to references in the reference list. Initially, it had no links but the reference list used cite book and cite journal from the beginning. When linking was added, most of the plain short citations went from <ref>McKendrick (2007) p.137</ref>
to <ref>[[#McKendrick2007|McKendrick (2007)]] p.137</ref>
to generate a hyperlink. The # at the start indicates it is a link to an anchor on the same page. The full reference added |ref=McKendrick2007
to label the target of the link.
Could have used {{wikicite|ref=id|reference=citation}}
for the citation list.
Or ?<span id=McKendrick2007>this is a reference</span>
Two pages of citation examples show the older methods
Look at oldest documentation of Template:Wikicite at Template:Wikicite/doc. Wikicite creates an anchored reference for a bibliography given an id and a reference.
Don't forget explanatory notes. See Help:Explanatory notes. Some of this may be included in other example articles.
Handwritten numbering example:
This is a test. 1
This is a second test. 1
This is the first sentence. 2
This is the second sentence. 2
Harvard style references avoided the numbering problem.
This is the first statement about Emma. (Austen 1815, pp. 24–25)
This is the second statement. ( Austen 1999, pp. 3–4)
Markup | Renders as |
---|---|
# Item 1 # Item 2 # Item 3 # Item 4 |
|
References
References already added to the article:
After her first solo exhibition, Whiteread decided to cast the space that her domestic objects could have inhabited. She applied for grants, describing the project as "mummifying the air in a room." [6] She completed Ghost in 1990. It was cast from a room in a house on Archway Road in north London, much like the house she grew up in. [7] The road was being widened and the house torn down. She used plaster to cast the parlor walls and ceiling in sections and assembled them on a metal frame. [8]
Ghost was first shown at the nonprofit Chisenhale Gallery. [9] It was purchased by Charles Saatchi and included with other works by Whiteread in his first "Young British Art" show in 1992. [10] In May 2004 a fire in a Momart storage warehouse destroyed many works from the Saatchi collection, including, it is believed, some by Whiteread. However Ghost had recently been moved from the warehouse to the new Gagosian Gallery in London. [11] The work was acquired by the National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C. in the fall of 2004. [12]
In October 1993 Whiteread completed House, the cast of a Victorian terrace house. She had began considering casting an entire house in 1991. She and James Lingwood of Artangel looked at houses to be torn down in North and East London in 1992, but without success in securing one. [13] During this period in 1992 and 1993 Whiteread had an artist residency in Berlin with a scholarship from the DAAD Artist's Programme. [14] While in Berlin, she created Untitled (Room), the cast of a generic, anonymous room that she built herself. She finished the interior of a room-size box with wallpaper, windows and door before casting. [3] The sculpture is in the collection of the Museum of Modern Art in New York. [15]
House commissioned by Artangel. Site found in 1993. Turner Prize - shortlist 1991,
References
Author | Tom DeMarco |
---|---|
Language | English |
Subject | Industrial project management (fiction) |
Published | 1997 (Dorset House) |
Publication place | United States |
Media type | Print ( paperback) |
Pages | 320 pp |
Awards | 1998 Jolt Productivity Award |
ISBN | 0-932633-39-0 |
The Deadline: A Novel About Software Management by Tom DeMarco is a roman à clef set in the world of software project management. It was inspired by physicist George Gamow's classic stories of Mr Tompkins. DeMarco made his Mr. Tompkins a project manager rather than a middle-aged bank clerk, and populated his adventures with thinly-disguised members of the software engineering community.
suggested Harry Winnipeg might be Al Davis, its editor at the time
incorporated into a course she taught
The Bell relay computers are a series of
The Bell relay computers were a series of electromechanical computers built by AT&T Bell Laboratories between 1937 and 1946. They were designed by George Stibitz using standard telephone relays. The first was used to do calculations with complex numbers that arose in designing equipment for long-distance telephone lines. Later machines were developed during World War II to do ballistic calculations for the military. During the development of these machines, Stibitz created binary-coded decimal representations for numbers in computers. Richard Hamming began work on his error-correction codes, which are used to detect and correct errors in computer memory.
Category:Bell Labs
Category:Early computers
Category:Electro-mechanical computers
Category:History of computing hardware