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1940s
- 1948: Publication of Norbert Wiener's first book, Cybernetics. [1] [2]
1950s
- 1950: Publication of Wiener's second book, The Human Use of Human Beings. [2]
1960s
- 1963: Publication of Wiener's third book, God and Golem, Inc. [2]
1970s
- 1973: Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) adopts its first code of ethics. [1]
- 1976: Publication of Joseph Weizenbaum's book, Computer Power and Human Reason. [3]
- 1976: Medical teacher and researcher, Walter Maner observes that ethical decisions are much harder to make when computers are added and notes the need for new branch of ethics which he calls computer ethics, Old Dominion University [1] [2]
- 1978: United States Congress adopts the Right to Financial Privacy Act, Washington, DC [4]
1980s
- July 16, 1984: Small Business Computer Security and Education Act becomes U.S. Public Law No. 98-362., Washington, DC [5]
- 1985: Publication of Metaphilosophy special issue, “Computers and Ethics.” [1]
- October 18, 1988: Computer Matching and Privacy Act becomes U.S. Public Law No. 100-503., Washington, DC [6]
- January 1989: The Internet Architecture Board, part of the Internet Engineering Task Force and the Internet Society, authors RFC 1087: Ethics and the Internet. [7] [8]
| Conferences |
|---|
| ETHICOMP [9] |
1990s
- 1991: Annual Computers, Freedom and Privacy conference series begins. [2]
- 1991: Donald Gotterbarn's article, “Computer Ethics: Responsibility Regained,” draws attention to professional ethics in the computer industry. [2]
- October 16, 1992: Association for Computing Machinery adopts “ACM Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct.” [10]
- 1995: Simon Rogerson and Terrell Ward Bynum found ETHICOMP conference series, to be held every 18 months, Europe [2]
2000s
2010s
References
- ^ a b c d Bynum, Terrell Ward. "A Very Short History of Computer Ethics". Southern Connecticut Wein University. Archived from the original on 2008-04-18. Retrieved 2011-01-05.
- ^ a b c d e f g Bynum, Terrell (21 December 2014). "Computer Ethics: Basic Concepts and Historical Overview". Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Center for the Study of Language and Information, Stanford University.
- ^ "Obituary: Joseph Weizenbaum". The Tech. Vol. 128, no. 12 (Online ed.). Cambridge, MA: MIT News office. 14 March 2008. Retrieved 29 April 2015.
- ^ "The Right to Financial Privacy Act". Electronic Privacy Information Center. Retrieved 29 April 2015.
- ^ Small Business Computer Security and Education Act of 1984 at Congress.gov
- ^ Computer Matching and Privacy Protection Act of 1988 at Congress.gov
- ^ "About". Internet Architecture Board. Retrieved 16 May 2015.
- ^ Internet Architecture Board (January 1989). "Ethics and the Internet". Request for Comments (1087). Internet Engineering Task Force.
- ^ "ETHICOMP Series". Centre for Computing and Social Responsibility. De Montfort University.
- ^ "ACM Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct". Association for Computing Machinery. 16 October 1992. Retrieved 2014-08-09.
- ^ Code of Conduct for BCS Members (PDF), BCS, The Chartered Institute for IT, 8 June 2011
- ^ "BCS Trustee Board agrees revised Code of Conduct". BCS, The Chartered Institute for IT. 3 May 2011.