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June 14th Revolutionary Movement

Reproduction of the flag of the June 14th Movement (1J4)

The June 14th Revolutionary Movement, also known as the June 14th Political Group, abbreviated 14J (or 1J4) was a clandestine leftist movement against the dictatorship of Dominican Republic president Rafael Leónidas Trujillo. It was created by the Dominican lawyer Manolo Tavárez Justo and came to include 6,000 supporters throughout all social sectors.

On June 14, 1959, troops from the Dominican Liberation Movement', a group of exiled Dominicans who had been trained in Cuba for guerilla warfare, arrived in the northern towns of Constanza, Maimón, and Estero Hondo under the direction of Commander Enrique Jiménez Moya. Though Trujillo's military and air force quickly defeated the invasion, the movement planted the seeds of rebellion in the Dominican people.

This was the inspiration for the name of an organized political group internal resistance: The June 14 Movement, sometimes referred to as '14.' Manolo Tavares Justo was president of the group, and Rafael Miguel (Pipe) Faxas Canto was its secretary general. Leandro Guzman was the treasurer. Shortly after the failed invasion, the Dominican Liberation Movement organized other conspiracies, which continued into the early 60s.

Guerrilla tactics

During the protests and strikes against the Triumvirate, the June 14th Movement led guerrilla fronts in different parts of the country to demand the restoration of constitutionality.

The fronts on which the Guerrilla was organized were:

  • The front directed by Juan Odalí Cepeda Pérez, which included employees of the chocolate industry. This group was assigned sabotage work.
  • The front at the Ingenio Monte Llano, directed by Leonardo del Valle, a chemist at that company. Del Valle is ranked by his peers as a subject of great seriousness and was executed in "The Ten," den of torture and murder.
  • The group of Sosua, which sought coordinator Dr. Alejo Martinez, one of the strongest fighters in the province. Victoria met where Vda. Arzeno. Martinez was killed in a street incident during the struggle against the remnants of the dictatorship, in mid-1961.

The group of Imbert or Bajabonico, led by Dr. Virgilio Reyes. The low part of the city, led by Felix Lahoz, one of the few members of the Home Front of the Forties that was inserted in the June 14. The group of women, under the direct control of the committee and specifically of Fernando Cueto. The ladies were under order to get money and medicines and make backpacks for the planned guerrilla. They were there, among others, Aida Arzeno, Ana Valverde Vda. Leroux, Argentina Capobianco, Italy Villalon, Elena Abreu, Carmen Jane Bogaert Heinsen and Miriam Morales. Later in the second half of the year, new groups were formed, including, apparently, stood three whose locations in mountainous places reveal the priority that was passed to grant the guerrillas:

The de Yásica, directed by Jesús María Álvarez (Boyoyo), which had the task of getting the contacts that allowed the guerrilla uprising, which consisted of peasants. The Luperon, led by a surname Vargas, where there were peasants. The group Blue, also one of the strongest.

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