Umm Kulthum bint Jarwal أم كلثوم بنت جرول | |
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Born | |
Died | Hejaz, Arabia |
Other names | Mulayka |
Spouse | Umar |
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Parent |
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Umm Kulthūm bint Jarwal ( Arabic: أم كلثوم بنت جرول), also known as Mulayka (Arabic: مليكة), was a wife of Umar and a companion of Muhammad.
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She was born in Mecca as a member of the Khuza'a tribe. Her father was either Jarwal ibn Malik [1]: 204 or his son 'Amr ibn Jarwal. [2]: 92
She married Umar ibn al-Khattab before 616, [2]: 92 and they had two sons, Zayd and Ubayd Allah. Umar was concurrently married to Zaynab bint Maz'un, who bore him three children, [1]: 204 and to Qurayba bint Abi Umayya, [3]: 510 who was childless. Umar converted to Islam in 616. [1]: 207 The whole family emigrated to Medina in 622, [3]: 218 although Umm Kulthum and Qurayba were still polytheists. [3]: 510 [4]
Soon after the Treaty of Hudaybiya in 628, Muhammad announced a revelation that Muslims were ordered to "hold not to the cords of disbelieving women." Accordingly, Umar divorced Umm Kulthum and Qurayba, and they both returned to Mecca. [1]: 204 [3]: 510 [4]
The sources do not indicate the order of Umm Kulthum’s subsequent marriages. She married Abu Jahm ibn Hudhayfa in Mecca "while they were both polytheists," i.e., before January 630. [2]: 92 Abu Jahm was, like Umar, a member of the Adi clan of the Quraysh. [3]: 510 He was known in the community as "a great beater of women." [5] [6]: 192 [7] [8]
Whether before or after this, Umm Kulthum was also one of the wives of Safwan ibn Umayya, a member of the Juma clan [2]: 92 who was a leader in the Quraysh opposition to Muhammad. [3]: 318–319, 370 [9] [10] He became a Muslim after the Conquest of Mecca [2]: 185 but continued to live in Mecca. [11]