Uliana Kravchenko | |
---|---|
Native name | Уляна Кравченко |
Born | Юлія Шнайдер 31.03.1947 |
Occupation | writer, poet |
Language | ukrainian |
Nationality | German, Ukrainian |
Citizenship | Austria-Hungary→ Polish Republic |
Uliana Kravchenko is the pen name of Julia Maria Schneider-Niementowska (April 18, 1860 – March 31, 1947), was a Ukrainian educator, writer [1] and the first Western Ukrainian woman to publish a book of poetry. [2]
She was born in Mykolaiv, currently in Stryi Raion of Lviv Oblast, grew up in Lviv and studied at a teaching seminary. Her father was Julian Schneider an employee of the district office, while her mother was Julia Łopuszańska. [3]
She made her first poetry attempts in Polish and Ukrainian under the guidance of her tutor Antonina Machczyńska . [4] After graduating from the seminary, Ulyana Kravchenko began teaching in the town of Bóbrka. [4] Her first published work was a story that appeared in the journal Zoria. Kravchenko was active in the Ukrainian women's movement in Galicia. Women's liberation was a major theme in her poetry; she was considered to be the bard of the women's movement. She was also one of the first women teachers in Galicia. [1] [2] In 1885, thanks to the efforts of Ivan Franko, she gets a job in Lviv, but in the same year she is fired for promoting socialist ideas. From then until 1900, she works as a teacher in various villages in Galicia. [4] In 1920 Kravchenko moves permanently to Przemyśl as a retired teacher. [4] In 1941, she takes up creative work in the Union of Soviet Writers and social work as a councilor of the Przemyśl City National Council. [4]
Kravchenko died in Przemyśl at the age of 86. [1] On November 22, 1886, she married Jan Ambroży Niementowski, head of the village school in Dolishnia Luzhok. They had three children: son Jerzy and daughters Teodora and Julia. [3] Jerzy was a painter and poet who wrote in Polish, and was murdered at the age of 29 by Ukrainians in Yavoriv on November 28, 1918, during the Polish-Ukrainian war, while organising Polish militia. [5]
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