| Twin Needles | |
|---|---|
 Twin Needles (left), north aspect | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 7,936 ft (2,419 m) [1] |
| Prominence | 576 ft (176 m) [1] |
| Parent peak | Mount Terror (8,151 ft) [2] |
| Isolation | 0.62 mi (1.00 km) [2] |
| Coordinates | 48°46′36″N 121°18′45″W / 48.77667°N 121.31250°W [1] |
| Geography | |
  Twin Needles Location of Twin Needles in Washington  Twin Needles Twin Needles (the United States) | |
| Location |
North Cascades National Park Whatcom County, Washington US |
| Parent range |
Picket Range North Cascades Cascade Range |
| Topo map | USGS Mount Challenger |
| Geology | |
| Type of rock | Skagit Gneiss |
| Climbing | |
| First ascent | 1932 |
| Easiest route | class 4 Mountaineering [2] |
Twin Needles are a pair of 7,936-foot (2,419-metre) and 7,840+ ft (2,390+ m) spires located in the remote and rugged Picket Range within North Cascades National Park in the state of Washington. [3] The peaks are situated 0.55 mi (0.89 km) west of Mount Terror which is the nearest higher peak. The Mustard Glacier lies on the northern slope of the peaks, and Himmelhorn lies immediately west. [1] The first ascent of Twin Needles was made on August 17, 1932, by William Degenhardt, James Martin, and Herb Strandberg. [4] Twin Needles can be seen from the 100 meter Sterling Munro Trail located behind the park's Newhalem Visitor Center.
Climate
Twin Needles is located in the marine west coast climate zone of western North America. [4] Most weather fronts originate in the Pacific Ocean, and travel northeast toward the Cascade Mountains. As fronts approach the North Cascades, they are forced upward by the peaks of the Cascade Range, causing them to drop their moisture in the form of rain or snowfall onto the Cascades ( Orographic lift). As a result, the west side of the North Cascades experiences high precipitation, especially during the winter months in the form of snowfall. During winter months, weather is usually cloudy, but, due to high pressure systems over the Pacific Ocean that intensify during summer months, there is often little or no cloud cover during the summer. [4] Because of maritime influence, snow tends to be wet and heavy, resulting in high avalanche danger. [4] Precipitation runoff from the peaks drains into tributaries of Skagit River.
Geology
The North Cascades features some of the most rugged topography in the Cascade Range with craggy peaks, spires, ridges, and deep glacial valleys. Geological events occurring many years ago created the diverse topography and drastic elevation changes over the Cascade Range leading to the various climate differences.
The history of the formation of the Cascade Mountains dates back millions of years ago to the late Eocene Epoch. [5] With the North American Plate overriding the Pacific Plate, episodes of volcanic igneous activity persisted. [5] In addition, small fragments of the oceanic and continental lithosphere called terranes created the North Cascades about 50 million years ago. [5]
During the Pleistocene period dating back over two million years ago, glaciation advancing and retreating repeatedly scoured the landscape leaving deposits of rock debris. [5] The U-shaped cross section of the river valleys is a result of recent glaciation. Uplift and faulting in combination with glaciation have been the dominant processes which have created the tall peaks and deep valleys of the North Cascades area.
See also
References
- ^ a b c d "West Twin Needle, Washington". Peakbagger.com.
- ^ a b c "Twin Needles, West - 7,936' WA". listsofjohn.com. Retrieved 2020-08-03.
- ^ "Twin Needles". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior.
- ^ a b c d Beckey, Fred W. Cascade Alpine Guide, Climbing and High Routes. Seattle, WA: Mountaineers Books, 2008.
- ^ a b c d Kruckeberg, Arthur (1991). The Natural History of Puget Sound Country. University of Washington Press.
External links
- Twin Needles aerial photo: PBase
- North Cascades National Park National Park Service