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Tufail Abbas ( c. 1928 – 8 September 2019) [1] was a Pakistani trade unionist and communist politician. He was a veteran labour leader in the airline industry, heading the Airways Employees Union. [2] [3] In later years he served as chairman of the Pakistan Mazdoor Mahaz ('Pakistan Workers Front') and chief editor of the Urdu monthly Awami Manshoor. [4]

Airline industry union leader

Abbas was a union leader at Pakistan International Airlines (PIA) during four decades. [5] [6] He had become an employee at Orient Airways in late 1948, and took part in the strike of March 1949. [6] When PIA acquired Orient Airways, Abbas became a PIA employee. [6] At the time PIA management and union leaders were in close contact, the PIA Managing-Director Malik Nur Khan sent Abbas to India to study labour practices at Air India. [6] Abbas was jailed on different occasions due to his labour activism. [6]

In the Communist Party

Abbas was recruited to the Communist Party of Pakistan in the early 1950s by Ahmed Aziz (who was later accused of having worked as a government infiltrator). [7] At the time Abbas was working in the airline industry. [7] By the late 1950s Abbas held the post of secretary of the Karachi Committee of the Communist Party. [7] The Karachi Committee was hierarchically placed under the Hyderabad-based Sindh Provincial Committee, but under Abbas' leadership the Karachi Committee became increasingly independent. [5] Apart from his base in the PIA union, Abbas also counted on support within the National Students Federation and some labour groups in the city. [5]

Sino-Soviet split

In 1966 the Sindh Provincial Committee was split in pro-Soviet and pro-China parties, a split taking place in the aftermath of the 1965 Indo-Pakistan war. [8] Abbas emerged as the general secretary of the underground, pro-Beijing Communist Party. [2] His group won the support of the majority in the National Students Federation. [9] Abbas was invited to the October 1 celebrations in China in 1966. [10]

After the 1966 split Abbas' faction began seeking to build an organization across West Pakistan. [9] It also had some contacts in East Pakistan. [9] Abbas' labour wing was known as the Quami Mazdoor Mahaz ('National Labour Front'), which emerged from the Markezi Mazdoor Committee in 1969. [3] [11] The Airways Employees Union was the strongest union inside the Quami Mazdoor Mahaz. [3]

Alliance with Bhutto

Tacitly, the Abbas faction provided support to Zulfikar Ali Bhutto. [12] In the late 1960s, some members of the Abbas' faction joined Bhutto's Pakistan People's Party on the instruction of the party and began occupying positions in the PPP. [13] Abbas' support base amongst students and workers played an important role in building the PPP in Karachi at its earliest phase. [14] One of the key leaders of Abbas' faction that became a PPP leader was Meraj Muhammad Khan. [14] Nevertheless, Abbas' group opted not to participate in the 1970 elections. [13]

In the context of the Bangladesh Liberation War, Abbas' faction opposed military action in East Pakistan at some points whilst maintaining a critical view of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman's Awami League. [12]

Details of Tufail Abbas's alliance with Bhutto and his political career is given in the Urdu book named "Under Ground" by Ashraf Shad.

Sino-Albanian split

Abbas sided with Albania in the Sino-Albanian split. [10]

Later years

Abbas' autobiography Subah ki lagan ('Yearning for Dawn') was published in 2010. [4] [6]

Abbas died in Karachi on September 8, 2019. [15]

References

  1. ^ "Comrade Tufail Abbas passes away". 9 September 2019.
  2. ^ a b Kamran Asdar Ali (2015). Surkh Salam: Communist Politics and Class Activism in Pakistan, 1947-1972. p. 392. ISBN  978-0-19-940308-0.
  3. ^ a b c Amjad, Rashid and Khalid Mahmood. Industrial relations and the political process in Pakistan 1947–1977
  4. ^ a b The News. Tufail Abbas’s autobiography launched
  5. ^ a b c Kamran Asdar Ali (2015). Surkh Salam: Communist Politics and Class Activism in Pakistan, 1947–1972. p. 230. ISBN  978-0-19-940308-0.
  6. ^ a b c d e f The Tribune. From Tufail Abbas to Sohail Baluch, the way of the union
  7. ^ a b c Kamran Asdar Ali (2015). Surkh Salam: Communist Politics and Class Activism in Pakistan, 1947–1972. p. 380. ISBN  978-0-19-940308-0.
  8. ^ Kamran Asdar Ali (2015). Surkh Salam: Communist Politics and Class Activism in Pakistan, 1947–1972. p. 231. ISBN  978-0-19-940308-0.
  9. ^ a b c Kamran Asdar Ali (2015). Surkh Salam: Communist Politics and Class Activism in Pakistan, 1947-1972. pp. 232–233. ISBN  978-0-19-940308-0.
  10. ^ a b Revolutionary Democracy. An Interview with Tufail Abbas of the Pakistan Mazdoor Mahaaz
  11. ^ Kamran Asdar Ali (2015). Surkh Salam: Communist Politics and Class Activism in Pakistan, 1947–1972. p. 237. ISBN  978-0-19-940308-0.
  12. ^ a b Kamran Asdar Ali (2015). Surkh Salam: Communist Politics and Class Activism in Pakistan, 1947–1972. p. 399. ISBN  978-0-19-940308-0.
  13. ^ a b Kamran Asdar Ali (2015). Surkh Salam: Communist Politics and Class Activism in Pakistan, 1947–1972. p. 389. ISBN  978-0-19-940308-0.
  14. ^ a b Workers Hammer. Pakistan 1968–69: Hidden history of the workers upsurge
  15. ^ Dawn. Comrade Tufail Abbas passes away
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