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Molecular biological process
In the field of
molecular biology , transrepression is a process whereby one
protein represses (i.e., inhibits) the activity of a second protein through a
protein-protein interaction . Since this repression occurs between two different protein molecules (
intermolecular ), it is referred to as a
trans-acting process.
The protein that is repressed is usually a
transcription factor whose function is to up-regulate (i.e., increase) the rate of
gene transcription . Hence the net result of transrepression is down regulation of gene transcription.
An example of transrepression is the ability of the
glucocorticoid receptor to inhibit the transcriptional promoting activity of the
AP-1 and
NF-κB transcription factors.
[1]
[2] In addition to
transactivation , transrepression is an important pathway for the
anti-inflammatory effects of
glucocorticoids .
[3]
[4] Other
nuclear receptors such as
LXR and
PPAR have been demonstrated to also have the ability to transrepress the activity of other proteins.
[5]
See also
References
^ Lucibello FC, Slater EP, Jooss KU, Beato M, Müller R (September 1990).
"Mutual transrepression of Fos and the glucocorticoid receptor: involvement of a functional domain in Fos which is absent in FosB" . EMBO J . 9 (9): 2827–34.
doi :
10.1002/j.1460-2075.1990.tb07471.x .
PMC
551994 .
PMID
2118106 .
^ Lin, Cw; Nakane, M; Stashko, M; Falls, D; Kuk, J; Miller, L; Huang, R; Tyree, C; Miner, Jn; Rosen, J; Kym, Pr; Coghlan, Mj; Carter, G; Lane, Bc (Aug 2002).
"trans-Activation and repression properties of the novel nonsteroid glucocorticoid receptor ligand 2,5-dihydro-9-hydroxy-10-methoxy-2,2,4-trimethyl-5-(1-methylcyclohexen-3-y1)-1H-1benzopyrano3,4-fquinoline (A276575) and its four stereoisomers" (Free full text) . Molecular Pharmacology . 62 (2): 297–303.
doi :
10.1124/mol.62.2.297 .
ISSN
0026-895X .
PMID
12130681 .
^ Pascual G, Glass CK (October 2006). "Nuclear receptors versus inflammation: mechanisms of transrepression". Trends Endocrinol. Metab . 17 (8): 321–7.
doi :
10.1016/j.tem.2006.08.005 .
PMID
16942889 .
S2CID
19612552 .
^ Newton R, Holden NS (October 2007). "Separating transrepression and transactivation: a distressing divorce for the glucocorticoid receptor?". Mol. Pharmacol . 72 (4): 799–809.
doi :
10.1124/mol.107.038794 .
PMID
17622575 .
S2CID
52803631 .
^ Ghisletti S, Huang W, Ogawa S, Pascual G, Lin ME, Willson TM, Rosenfeld MG, Glass CK (January 2007).
"Parallel SUMOylation-dependent pathways mediate gene- and signal-specific transrepression by LXRs and PPARγ" . Mol. Cell . 25 (1): 57–70.
doi :
10.1016/j.molcel.2006.11.022 .
PMC
1850387 .
PMID
17218271 .