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Formation | 1920 |
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Type | NGO |
Website |
www |
The Transportation Research Board (TRB) is a division of the National Academy of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, formerly the National Research Council of the United States, which serves as an independent adviser to the President of the United States, the Congress and federal agencies on scientific and technical questions of national importance. It is jointly administered by the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the National Academy of Medicine.
As one of seven major divisions of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, [1] TRB promotes innovation and progress in transportation through research in an objective and interdisciplinary setting. It provides trusted, timely, impartial, and evidence-based information exchange, research, and advice regarding all modes of transportation. TRB hosts some 200 standing technical committees that address specific aspects of transport and the TRB Annual Meeting attracts thousands of transportation professionals.
The Transportation Research Board was established in 1920 as the "National Advisory Board on Highway Research" and changed its name to the "Highway Research Board" from 1925 until 1974, when it was renamed again as the "Transportation Research Board." Initially being solely involved in the sharing of information, it has commissioned ad-hoc research since 1950, became more involved in multi-modal transport in the 1960s, and has extended its operations further more recently. [1]
The Transportation Research Board (TRB) accomplishes its mission through various activities, including the efforts of over 200 standing committees and task forces that cover every mode and aspect of transportation. It publishes and disseminates reports and peer-reviewed technical papers presenting research findings, manages cooperative research programs, conducts special studies on transportation policy issues upon request from the U.S. Congress and government agencies, and operates an online database of transportation research information. Additionally, TRB hosts its Annual Meeting in Washington DC every January, which in 2020 attracted over 14,000 transportation professionals from across the United States and around the world. [2]
TRB's activities are organized as follows:
TRB's varied activities annually draw on over 7,000 engineers, planners, scientists, and other transportation researchers from the public and private sectors and academia, who contribute expertise in the public interest by participating on TRB committees, panels, and task forces. [1] The program is supported by state transportation departments, the various administrations of the U.S. Department of Transportation and other federal agencies, industry associations, and other organizations and individuals interested in the development of transportation. [1]
Publications include the Highway Capacity Manual, the Transportation Research Record journal, and a bi-monthly magazine called TR News. A history of transportation research and of TRB was published in January 2020 called The Transportation Research Board, 1920–2020: Everyone Interested Is Invited. [3] Transportation Research Information Services (TRIS) offers several databases for researchers:
TRB offers selective research funding, notably, the National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP), the Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP), and the Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP). Each one of these programs has industry leaders who function as references while completing the project. [9]