Tirana International Airport Nënë Tereza (
Albanian: Aeroporti Ndërkombëtar i Tiranës Nënë Tereza,
IATA: TIA,
ICAO: LATI), often referred to as the Rinas International Airport, is one of the two main
international airports of the
Republic of Albania. It serves the city of
Tirana, its metropolitan area, and surrounding region in the county of
Tirana. The airport is named in honour of the
AlbanianRoman Catholic nun and missionary,
Mother Teresa (1910–1997). It is located 6
nautical miles (11 kilometres; 6.9 miles) northwest of Tirana, in the municipality of
Krujë,
Durrës County.[5][6]
The airport serves as the
main hub for the
Wizz Air and country's flag carrier
Air Albania.[7] Tirana international airport offers regularly scheduled passenger services. It is the largest airport in Albania and is one of the busiest
Balkan airports after reaching 7.2 million passengers in 2023.[8][9] Albania's other main airport is
Kukës International Airport located in the northeast of the country.
History
Early development
The airport was constructed from 1955 to 1957.
Tirana had commercial airline services before. Domestic aviation started in 1926 when German airline Adria-Aero-Lloyd obtained a monopoly for domestic air routes in the country and began servicing Tirana,
Shkodër,
Korçë and
Vlorë. These operations proved unprofitable, and the airline sold its rights to Italian company
Ala Littoria which opened regular routes in 1935 between Tirana to Shkodër, Kukës, Peshkopia, Kuçova, Vlorë, and Gjirokastra.[10] In 1938, the Yugoslav carrier
Aeroput introduced regular commercial flights linking Tirana with
Belgrade, Serbia, with a landing in
Dubrovnik, Croatia.[11]
After the Second World War and installation of an isolationist
communist regime in Albania, air transportation was rare. From 1944 to 1948, there was a service to Belgrade, but after the break of relations with Yugoslavia, until 1953, there was only a twice-a-month connection to Budapest operated by Soviet-Hungarian company Maszovlet.[10] From 1953 to 1955, there was no air service, until February 1955 when a route to Moscow was inaugurated, followed thereafter to other Eastern-European capitals. In the 1970s, Tirana was one of the first European cities to be served by China's
CAAC Airlines, with a weekly flight to Beijing via Bucharest and Tehran. In the late 1980s, there were six airlines flying to Tirana, with a total of nine round-trips per week.[10]
With the
collapse of communism in Albania in 1991 and subsequent liberalisation of travel restrictions abroad for Albanians, the number of airlines operating at the airport increased rapidly. In 1999, there were 8,249 flights and 356,823 passengers, seven times more than in 1991.[10]
Contemporary
The air traffic equipment and facilities of the airport have been heavily modernised, following investments by Tirana International Airport SHPK, a consortium led by
Hochtief AirPort. Hochtief assumed management of the airport on 23 April 2005, for a 20-year concession period.[12]
The concession included the construction of a completely new
passenger terminal and various infrastructure improvements, among them the construction of a new access road, new parking lots, and a bridge over the old airport access road.[13] The expansion resulted in an increased number of passengers per annum, estimated at 1.5 million passengers for 2009.[14][15] The number of passengers effectively increased to more than 1.5 million in 2010.[16]
The terminal building and its second expansion, the cargo building, its landscaping, and its carpark canopies were designed by
Malaysian architect Hin Tan of Hintan.[17]
In December 2016, the Airport announced that it served 2 million passengers during 2016, reaching its second milestone.[18]
The airport announced over 7.2 million passengers for 2023, exceeding their projections predictions for that year. This statistics marks a substantial increase of 40% compared to the previous year (2022) and 117% compared to the year 2019, solidifying TIA's position as a key player in the regional aviation industry.
Ownership
In 2017,
China Everbright Limited became the sole owner of Tirana International Airport Nënë Tereza. After reaching an agreement with the Albanian Government to end its monopoly on international flights from Albania,
Hochtief AirPort sold the operation of Tirana International Airport Nënë Tereza to China Everbright Limited,[19] a company specializing in
asset management,
direct investment,
brokerage and
investment banking.[20] On December 25, 2020, Kastrati Group bought all the shares of the airport from China Everbright Limited for 71 million euros.[21][22]
Airlines and destinations
The following airlines operate regular year-round and seasonal scheduled and charter flights to and from Tirana:
The airport is linked with motorway SH60 10
nautical miles (19 kilometres; 12 miles) away to SH2
Durres -
Tirana access road. Taxis and car rental facilities are available at the airport. The journey from Tirana to the airport takes 20–25 minutes.
Bus
An airport bus, located outside Arrivals terminal, leaves on the hour every hour (6am to 2am), to the city centre, and the trip takes around 30 minutes.[95] The shuttle runs an hourly service between the Airport and the back of the Opera building in the centre of Tirana.
Rail
A new electrified light rail train line is being built between Tirana and Durres with a link to Tirana Airport planned to be completed by 2024–25.[96]
Incidents and accidents
3 October 2006:
Turkish Airlines Flight 1476, flying from
Tirana to
Istanbul, was hijacked by Hakan Ekinci in Greek airspace. The aircraft, with 107 passengers and six crew on board, transmitted two coded hijack signals which were picked up by the Greek air force; the flight was intercepted by military aircraft and landed safely at
Brindisi, Italy.
30 June 2016: Three armed and masked people entered the cargo terminal, where they stole a huge amount of money that was to be transported abroad on airplanes. The amount of cash could have been up to 3 million euros. The incident caused national security concerns.[97][98]
9 April 2019: An
Austrian Airlines flight headed to
Vienna was delayed for 3 hours, following an armed robbery. The aircraft's engines were running, when three men wearing masks and military fatigues stepped up to the fuselage, stealing 6 million euros. One of the robbers was shot dead in an exchange of fire with the police about one kilometre from the airport.[99]
^"DRUSTVO ZA VAZDUSNI SAOBRACAJ A D – AEROPUT (1927-1948)". europeanairlines.no. 17 June 2010. Retrieved 17 June 2010. In addition, a new air service (No.2008) to the Kingdom of Yugoslavia's small narbour (sic, probably neighbor), Albania, was opened. From August, Aeroput flew from Beograd with a landing at Ragusa to Tirana, the capital of Albania.
^"HOCHTIEF AirPort Signs Concession Agreement for Tirana Airport". hochtief.com. Retrieved 15 October 2004. The agreement, signed today in the presence of the Albanian Prime Minister Fatos Nano in Tirana, seals the airport takeover in the context of a BOOT (Build Own Operate Transfer) concession with a duration of 20 years.
^"TIRANA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT"(PDF). tirana-airport.com. p. 9. The tall, bright and spacious building, designed by the renowned Malaysian architect Hin Tan, is a symbol of Albania's new self-confidence.
^"Tirana International Airport reaches two millionth passenger milestone". ata.gov.al. Retrieved 3 December 2016. Tirana International Airport (TIA) announced on Friday the achievement of two major passenger traffic milestones in welcoming its two millionth passenger and recording the largest ever number of customers served at the airport.