Tindi_language References

Tindi
Tindi
Идараб мицци Idarab mittsi
Native to	North Caucasus
Region	Southern Dagestan
Native speakers	2,200 (2010 census)
Language family	Northeast Caucasian Avar–Andic Andic Akhvakh–Tindi Karata–Tindi Botlikh–Tindi Bagvalal–Tindi Tindi; ; ; ; ; ; ;
Language codes
ISO 639-3	tin
Glottolog	tind1238
ELP	Tindi

Tindi is a Northeast Caucasian language spoken in the Russian republic of Dagestan. Tindis call their language Idarab mitstsi meaning 'the language of the Idar village'. It is only an oral language; Avar or Russian are used in written communication instead.^[1] Tindi vocabulary contains many loanwords from Avar, Turkish, Arabic, and Russian.^[2] It has approximately 2,150 speakers.^[1]

Phonology

Vowels

	Front	Central	Back
Close	i iː		u uː
Mid	e eː		o oː
Open		a aː

Nasalized vowels may also exist as /ĩ, ẽ, ã, õ, ũ/ and as long-nasalized /ĩː, ẽː, ãː, õː, ũː/.

Consonants

		Labial	Dental		Alveolar				Palatal	Velar				Uvular		Pharyn- geal	Glottal
			Dental		central		lateral			central		palatalized		Uvular
			lenis	fortis	lenis	fortis	lenis	fortis		lenis	fortis	lenis	fortis	lenis	fortis
Nasal		m	n
Plosive	voiceless	p	t							k	kː	kʲ	kːʲ
	ejective		tʼ							kʼ		kʼʲ					ʔ
	voiced	b	d							ɡ		ɡʲ
Affricate	voiceless		t͡s	t͡sː	t͡ʃ	t͡ʃː		t͡ɬː							q͡χː
Affricate	ejective		t͡sʼ	t͡sːʼ	t͡ʃʼ	t͡ʃːʼ		t͡ɬːʼ							q͡χːʼ
Fricative	voiceless		s	sː	ʃ	ʃː	ɬ	ɬː	ç					χ	χː	ħ	h
Fricative	voiced		z		ʒ									ʁ		ʕ
Trill					r
Approximant		w	l						j

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Tindi at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
^ Akiner, Shirin (1986). Islamic Peoples Of The Soviet Union. Routledge. p. 264. ISBN 978-1-136-14266-6.

Magomedbekova, Z. M. (2001). "Tindinskij Jazyk". Yazyki mira: Kavkazskie Yazyki. Moskva: Academia. pp. 283–291.

External links

This Northeast Caucasian languages-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

[e18-1] Tindi at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)

[2] Akiner, Shirin (1986). Islamic Peoples Of The Soviet Union. Routledge. p. 264. ISBN 978-1-136-14266-6.

[1]

[2]

v t e Northeast Caucasian languages
Avar–Andic	Andic Akhvakh Andi Bagvalal Botlikh Chamalal Godoberi Karata Tindi Avar
Tsezic	Bezhta Hinukh Hunzib Khwarshi Tsez
Dargin	Chirag Dargwa Itsari Kaitag Kubachi
Lezgic	Aghul Archi Budukh Kryts Jek Lezgin Rutul Tabasaran Tsakhur Udi Caucasian Albanian
Nakh	Bats Vainakh Chechen Ingush
Other	Khinalug Lak
Italics indicate extinct languages

Tindi
Идараб мицци Idarab mittsi
Native to	North Caucasus
Region	Southern Dagestan
Native speakers	2,200 (2010 census)^[1]
Language family	Northeast Caucasian Avar–Andic Andic Akhvakh–Tindi Karata–Tindi Botlikh–Tindi Bagvalal–Tindi Tindi
Language codes
ISO 639-3	`tin`
Glottolog	`tind1238`
ELP	Tindi