Timișoara metropolitan area
Zona metropolitană Timișoara | |
---|---|
Country | Romania |
Development region | West |
County | Timiș |
Component LAUs | Cities:
Timișoara Communes: Becicherecu Mic, Bucovăț, Dudeștii Noi, Dumbrăvița, Ghiroda, Giarmata, Giroc, Moșnița Nouă, Orțișoara, Pișchia, Remetea Mare, Săcălaz, Sânmihaiu Român, Șag |
Established | 2008 |
Area | |
• Metro | 1,079.54 km2 (416.81 sq mi) |
Population (2021 census)
[1] | |
• Metropolitan area | 367,430 |
• Density | 341/km2 (880/sq mi) |
Website |
adi-pct |
The Timișoara metropolitan area is a metropolitan area in Timiș County, which includes Timișoara and 14 surrounding communes. It was legally established in 2008 as an inter-community development association and is a member of the Federation of Metropolitan Areas and Urban Agglomerations in Romania (FZMAUR). [2]
The first attempts to create a metropolitan area appeared in 1999–2000, when Timișoara and six peri-urban communes in the first ring surrounding the city ( Dumbrăvița, Ghiroda, Giroc, Moșnița Nouă, Săcălaz and Sânmihaiu Român) entered into a local partnership. [3] The result of this partnership was the elaboration of a medium- and long-term "strategic concept of economic and social development". [4] In 2004, by a decision of the Timiș County Council, the first Metropolitan Consultative Council was established. [3]
The delimitation of the area of influence was approved by HCL no. 387/2008. [5]
The total area on which the Timișoara metropolitan area extends is 1,079.54 km2 – of which 129.27 km2 represent the administrative territory of Timișoara, and 950.27 km2 the area of influence of the city – occupying about 3.4% of the West development region and about 12.5% of Timiș County. [6]
The Timișoara metropolitan area is administered by the Timișoara Growth Pole Intercommunity Development Association, led by a General Assembly, a Board of Directors and a General Manager. [6] The General Assembly is the supreme governing body, composed of all members of the Association. The president of the Association is the mayor of Timișoara. [6] The total number of representatives in the General Assembly is 31 members. [6] The Board of Directors is the executive governing body of the Association, composed of the president of the Association and two members appointed by the General Assembly for a period of two years. [6]
The Timișoara metropolitan area includes an urban center ( Timișoara) and its area of influence, i.e. 14 communes ( Becicherecu Mic, Bucovăț, Dudeștii Noi, Dumbrăvița, Ghiroda, Giarmata, Giroc, Moșnița Nouă, Orțișoara, Pișchia, Remetea Mare, Săcălaz, Sânmihaiu Român and Șag) [6] with 35 villages. [7]
Name | Population (2018 est.) [8] | Area (km2) [9] | Density (/km2) |
---|---|---|---|
Timișoara | 330,209 | 129.27 | 2,554 |
Becicherecu Mic | 3,207 | 46.65 | 69 |
Bucovăț | 1,894 | 32.52 | 58 |
Dudeștii Noi | 3,509 | 53.93 | 65 |
Dumbrăvița | 10,984 | 18.99 | 578 |
Ghiroda | 7,188 | 34.13 | 211 |
Giarmata | 7,469 | 71.51 | 104 |
Giroc | 14,037 | 52.77 | 266 |
Moșnița Nouă | 9,095 | 68.87 | 132 |
Orțișoara | 4,655 | 145.63 | 32 |
Pișchia | 3,165 | 123.61 | 26 |
Remetea Mare | 2,639 | 72.89 | 36 |
Săcălaz | 9,314 | 119.49 | 78 |
Sânmihaiu Român | 7,685 | 75.26 | 102 |
Șag | 3,631 | 34.02 | 107 |
Total | 418,681 | 1,079.54 | 388 |
Given the accentuated polarization of the area and the continuous expansion of Timișoara and its suburbs, it was proposed to extend the metropolitan area with the following subdivisions:
Population census | |||
---|---|---|---|
Year | 2002 | 2011 | 2021 |
Pop. | 368,102 | 387,604 | 367,430 |
±% | — | +5.3% | −5.2% |
Source: [1] [10] |
According to the 2021 census, the population of the 15 administrative units totals 367,430 people, of whom 250,849 live in Timișoara. [1]
According to the 2011 census, the resident population of the Timișoara metropolitan area was 387,604, 5.3% higher than previously reported in the 2002 census. [3] The population of the metropolitan area represents 21.2% of the population of the West development region and 56.26% of the population of Timiș County. [3] The majority of the population (82.38%) lives in Timișoara (319,279) and only 17.62% in the area of influence (68,325), given that the area of Timișoara represents about 12% of the area of the metropolitan area. [3] The population growth was more pronounced in the peri-urban countryside than in Timișoara, the share of the city in the total population of the area decreasing by almost 4% between 2002–2011. [3] In its extended area of influence, defined as the area that can be reached within a 60-minute drive from the city proper, live about 950,000 people. [11]
City/Commune | Locality | 2002 | 2011 | ±% p.a. |
---|---|---|---|---|
Timișoara | 317,660 | 319,279 | +0.5% | |
Timișoara | 317,660 | 319,279 | ||
Becicherecu Mic | 2,417 | 2,853 | +18.0% | |
Becicherecu Mic | 2,417 | 2,853 | ||
Bucovăț | 1,410 | 1,601 | +13.5% | |
Bucovăț | 1,150 | 1,318 | ||
Bazoșu Nou | 260 | 283 | ||
Dudeștii Noi | 2,395 | 3,179 | +32.7% | |
Dudeștii Noi | 2,395 | 3,179 | ||
Dumbrăvița | 2,693 | 7,522 | +179.3% | |
Dumbrăvița | 2,693 | 7,522 | ||
Ghiroda | 4,907 | 6,200 | +26.4% | |
Ghiroda | 3,499 | 4,605 | ||
Giarmata-Vii | 1,408 | 1,595 | ||
Giarmata | 5,407 | 6,502 | +20.3% | |
Giarmata | 4,405 | 5,210 | ||
Cerneteaz | 1,002 | 1,292 | ||
Giroc | 4,295 | 8,388 | +95.3% | |
Giroc | 2,291 | 5,652 | ||
Chișoda | 2,004 | 2,736 | ||
Moșnița Nouă | 4,298 | 6,203 | +44.3% | |
Moșnița Nouă | 1,450 | 2,833 | ||
Moșnița Veche | 1,370 | 1,590 | ||
Urseni | 1,151 | 1,315 | ||
Albina | 279 | 386 | ||
Rudicica | 48 | 79 | ||
Orțișoara | 4,080 | 4,190 | +2.7% | |
Orțișoara | 2,256 | 2,289 | ||
Călacea | 674 | 723 | ||
Seceani | 595 | 590 | ||
Cornești | 555 | 588 | ||
Pișchia | 3,006 | 3,051 | +1.5% | |
Pișchia | 1,127 | 1,116 | ||
Bencecu de Sus | 870 | 844 | ||
Murani | 582 | 646 | ||
Bencecu de Jos | 386 | 396 | ||
Sălciua Nouă | 41 | 49 | ||
Remetea Mare | 2,111 | 2,302 | +9.0% | |
Remetea Mare | 1,286 | 1,495 | ||
Ianova | 825 | 807 | ||
Săcălaz | 6,273 | 7,204 | +14.8% | |
Săcălaz | 3,758 | 4,596 | ||
Beregsău Mare | 1,704 | 1,747 | ||
Beregsău Mic | 811 | 861 | ||
Sânmihaiu Român | 4,396 | 6,121 | +39.2% | |
Sânmihaiu Român | 1,788 | 2,805 | ||
Utvin | 1,875 | 2,451 | ||
Sânmihaiu German | 733 | 865 | ||
Șag | 2,754 | 3,009 | +9.3% | |
Șag | 2,754 | 3,009 |
Timișoara polarizes over 80% of the county's turnover and over 30% of the region's. [3]
The city's economic profile, largely based on manufacturing, has encouraged the expansion of urban mass toward the larger metropolitan area. If between 1992–2012 Timișoara expanded by 13%, the metropolitan area expanded by about 18%. Some of the peri-urban localities have undergone a dramatic process of transformation. For example, during this period, Dumbrăvița expanded by 138%. Other localities expanded by 20%, 30% or 50%. [11]
The area of influence has a mixed functional profile, generally dominated by the service sector. [7] The villages in the immediate vicinity of the city – Ghiroda, Remetea Mare, Giroc – crossed or delimited by major roads ( E70) and the villages in the vicinity of well-defined industrial areas of the city ( Sânmihaiu Român) have micro-industrial areas, the industrial units located here having significant shares in the turnover of the locality (over 40%, even over 50% in the case of Giroc). [7] In general, agriculture plays a minor role in the functional profile of the area of influence. [7]