The Norwegian railway network has used two types of train radio, Scanet and GSM-R. A train radio is a mobile telecommunications network that allows a train driver, maintenance crews and other rail transport officials to communicate with a dispatcher or each other. Scanet was an analog radio system installed on the main lines, limited to electrified lines with automatic train protection, between 1995 and 1999. [1] The implementation left out many lines, which were instead covered by Nordic Mobile Telephone (NMT 450) network. [2]
The lack of a train radio on the Røros Line was a contributing factor to the Åsta accident. This spurred the demand for full coverage. [3] At the same time, the European Union required new systems to use the GSM-R standard, which will be implemented throughout Europe. GSM-R was rolled out between 2004 and 2007 and covers almost the entire network. It was also built to have 100% coverage in all tunnels, which was not achieved with Scanet. GSM-R was first rolled out on lines without Scanet, and then replaced the older system right-out. [4] Both Scanet and GSM-R consist of mobile station in the trains, base stations along the track, and a core network connected to the central traffic control centers. [1] The implementation of GSM-R cost 1.8 billion Norwegian krone. [5]
The following is a list of all railway lines with train radio. It includes the date of opening of the train radio, including the affected section, and the standard used. Freight-only lines are excluded from the list, even if they may have had Scanet or have GSM-R. [6] [7]
Date | Line | Section | System |
---|---|---|---|
7 May 1995 | Sørlandet | Drammen– Hokksund | Scanet |
7 May 1995 | Randsfjorden | Hokksund– Hønefoss | Scanet |
17 December 1996 | Sørlandet | Sira– Stavanger | Scanet |
7 May 1997 | Drammen | Oslo S – Drammen | Scanet |
7 May 1997 | Bergen | Hønefoss– Bergen | Scanet |
16 May 1997 | Sørlandet | Hokksund– Kristiansand | Scanet |
17 December 1997 | Sørlandet | Kristiansand– Stavanger | Scanet |
9 July 1998 | Gjøvik | Oslo S – Roa | Scanet |
9 July 1998 | Roa–Hønefoss | Roa– Hønefoss | Scanet |
9 July 1998 | Østfold | Oslo S – Kornsjø | Scanet |
9 July 1998 | Trunk | Lillestrøm– Eidsvoll | Scanet |
9 July 1998 | Dovre | Eidsvoll– Trondheim | Scanet |
9 July 1998 | Kongsvinger | Lillestrøm– Magnor | Scanet |
9 July 1998 | Vestfold | Drammen– Porsgrunn | Scanet |
9 July 1998 | Bratsberg | Nordagutu– Porsgrunn | Scanet |
8 October 1998 | Gardermoen | Lillestrøm– Eidsvoll | Scanet |
22 August 1999 | Gardermoen | Oslo S – Lillestrøm | Scanet |
15 May 2004 | Nordland | Rognan– Bodø | GSM-R |
1 December 2004 | Nordland | Trondheim S – Rognan | GSM-R |
1 December 2004 | Meråker | Hell– Storlien | GSM-R |
1 December 2004 | Stavne–Leangen | Stavne– Leangen | GSM-R |
1 December 2004 | Røros | Hamar– Støren | GSM-R |
1 December 2004 | Dovre | Dombås – Trondheim S | GSM-R |
1 May 2005 | Flåm | Myrdal– Flåm | GSM-R |
1 November 2005 | Gjøvik | Roa– Gjøvik | GSM-R |
1 November 2005 | Eastern Østfold | Ski– Sarpsborg | GSM-R |
2 January 2007 | Østfold | Oslo S – Kornsjø | GSM-R |
2 January 2007 | Gardermoen | Oslo S – Eidsvoll | GSM-R |
2 January 2007 | Trunk | Oslo S – Eidsvoll | GSM-R |
2 January 2007 | Kongsvinger | Lillestrøm– Charlottenberg | GSM-R |
2 January 2007 | Dovre | Eidsvoll– Dombås | GSM-R |
2 January 2007 | Gjøvik | Oslo S – Roa | GSM-R |
2 January 2007 | Drammen | Oslo S – Drammen | GSM-R |
2 January 2007 | Asker | Sandvika– Asker | GSM-R |
2 January 2007 | Spikkestad | Asker– Spikkestad | GSM-R |
2 January 2007 | Sørlandet | Drammen– Stavanger | GSM-R |
2 January 2007 | Randsfjorden | Drammen– Hønefoss | GSM-R |
2 January 2007 | Bergen | Hønefoss– Bergen | GSM-R |
2 January 2007 | Roa–Hønefoss | Roa– Hønefoss | GSM-R |
2 January 2007 | Vestfold | Drammen– Porsgrunn | GSM-R |
2 January 2007 | Bratsberg | Nordagutu– Porsgrunn | GSM-R |