From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The timeline below shows the date of publication of major scientific
experiments :
5th century BC
430 BC -
Empedocles proves that air is a material substance by submerging a
clepsydra into the ocean.
2nd century BC
240 BC -
Archimedes devised a
principle which he later used to solve the riddle of the suspect crown.
230 BC –
Eratosthenes measures the Earth's circumference and diameter.
10th century
11th century
12th century
13th century
16th century
17th century
18th century
19th century
20th century
1909 –
Robert Millikan :
oil-drop experiment which suggests that
electric charge occurs as
quanta (the
electron ).
1911 –
Ernest Rutherford 's
gold foil experiment determines that atoms are mostly empty space, and that the core of each
atom , which he named the atomic nucleus, is dense and positively charged
[1]
1911 –
Heike Kamerlingh Onnes :
superconductivity .
1914 -
James Franck and
Gustav Ludwig Hertz conduct the
Franck–Hertz experiment demonstrating quantization of atomic ionization energy.
1919 –
Arthur Eddington : Our sun as
gravitational lens , a proof of the
theory of relativity .
1920 –
Otto Stern and
Walter Gerlach conduct the
Stern–Gerlach experiment , which demonstrates particle
spin .
1920 –
John B. Watson and
Rosalie Rayner conduct the
Little Albert experiment .
1928 –
Griffith's experiment shows that living cells can be transformed via a
transforming principle , later discovered to be
DNA .
1934 –
Enrico Fermi splits the atom.
1935 –
Lady tasting tea experiment by
Ronald A. Fisher , foundational in
statistical hypothesis testing .
1940 –
Karl von Frisch decodes the "dance"
honeybees use to communicate the location of flowers.
1944 –
Barbara McClintock breeds
maize plants for color, which leads to the discovery of
jumping genes .
1947 –
John Bardeen and
Walter Brattain fabricate the first working
transistor .
1951 –
Solomon Asch shows how group pressure can persuade an individual to conform to an obviously wrong opinion.
1952 –
Alfred Hershey &
Martha Chase :
Hershey–Chase experiment proves that
DNA is the hereditary material .
1953 –
Stanley L. Miller &
Harold C. Urey :
Miller–Urey experiment demonstrates that
organic compounds can arise spontaneously from
inorganic ones .
1955 –
Clyde L. Cowan and
Frederick Reines confirm the existence of the
neutrino in the
neutrino experiment .
1958 –
Meselson–Stahl experiment proves that
DNA replication is
semiconservative .
1960 –
B. F. Skinner 's demonstrations of
operant conditioning .
1961 –
Francis Crick, Sydney Brenner, Leslie Barnett and R.J. Watts-Tobin prove the triplet nature of the genetic code.
1961 –
Marshall W. Nirenberg and J. Heinrich Matthaei deciphered the first codon of the genetic code.
1964 –
Marshall W. Nirenberg and Philip Leder deciphered the rest of the genetic code.
1965 –
Arno Penzias and
Robert Wilson find
cosmic microwave background radiation , evidence of the
Big Bang .
1967 –
Kerim Kerimov launches the
Cosmos 186 and
Cosmos 188 as experiments on automatic docking eventually leading to the development of
space stations .
1970 –
Allan and
Beatrix Gardner teach
American Sign Language to the
chimpanzee
Washoe .
1974 –
Stanley Milgram conducts the
Milgram experiment on obedience to authority.
1995 –
Eric A. Cornell and
Carl E. Wieman synthesize
Bose–Einstein condensate .
See also
References