From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Timeline
[1]
This is a chronology and
timeline of the colonization of North America, with founding dates of selected European settlements. See also
European colonization of the Americas .
[2]
[3]
[4]
Before Columbus
Late fifteenth century
Sixteenth century
1501:
Corte-Real brothers explore the coast of what is today the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador
1502: Columbus sails along the mainland coast south of Yucatán, and reaches present-day
Honduras ,
Nicaragua ,
Costa Rica and
Panama
1503:
Las Tortugas noted by Columbus in passage through the Western Caribbean present-day
Cayman Islands
1508:
Ponce de León founds
Caparra on San Juan Bautista (now Puerto Rico)
1511: Conquest of Cuba begins
1513:
Ponce de León in Florida
1513:
Núñez de Balboa claims the
Pacific Ocean and its shores for Spain
1515: Conquest of Cuba completed
1517:
Francisco Hernández de Córdoba lands on the
Yucatán Peninsula
1519: Founding of Villa Rica de la Vera Cruz (
Veracruz )
1519:
Álvarez de Pineda explores the
Gulf Coast of the United States
1519: Founding of
Panama City by Pedro Arias Dávila
1521:
Hernán Cortés completes the conquest of the Aztec Empire.
1521:
Juan Ponce de León tries and fails to settle in Florida.
1524:
Pedro de Alvarado conquers present-day
Guatemala and
El Salvador .
1524:
Giovanni da Verrazzano sails along most of the east coast.
1525:
Estêvão Gomes enters
Upper New York Bay and reaches
Nova Scotia
[10]
[11]
1526:
Lucas Vázquez de Ayllón briefly establishes the failed settlement of
San Miguel de Gualdape in South Carolina, the first site of enslavement of Africans in North America and of the first
slave rebellion .
1527: Fishermen are using the harbor at
St. John's, Newfoundland and other places on the coast.
1531: Spanish found
Puebla de Zaragoza and
Santiago de Querétaro .
1535:
Jacques Cartier reaches Quebec.
1536:
Cabeza de Vaca reaches Mexico City after wandering through North America.
1538: Failed
Huguenot settlement on
St. Kitts in the Caribbean (destroyed by the Spanish).
1539:
Hernando de Soto explores the interior from Florida to Arkansas.
1539:
Francisco de Ulloa explores the
Baja California peninsula .
1540:
Coronado travels from Mexico to eastern Kansas.
1541: Spanish found
Nueva Ciudad de Mechuacán (Morelia)
1540:
López de Cárdenas reaches the
Grand Canyon (the area is ignored for the next 200 years).
1541: Failed French settlement at
Charlesbourg-Royal (
Quebec City ) by Cartier and Roberval.
1542:
Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo reaches the California coast.
1559: Failed Spanish settlement at
Pensacola, Florida .
1562: Failed Huguenot settlement in South Carolina (
Charlesfort-Santa Elena site ).
1564: French Huguenots at Jacksonville, Florida (
Fort Caroline ).
1565: Spanish slaughter French 'heretics' at Fort Caroline.
1565: Spanish found
Saint Augustine, Florida . (
Mission Nombre de Dios )
1566–1587: Spanish in South Carolina (
Charlesfort-Santa Elena site ).
1568:
Dutch revolt against Spain begins. The economic model developed in the Netherlands would define colonial policies in the next two centuries.
1570: Failed Spanish settlement on Chesapeake Bay (
Ajacán Mission ).
1576: Spanish found
León de los Aldama .
1576:
Martin Frobisher reaches the coast of Labrador and Baffin Island.
1579:
Sir Francis Drake claims
New Albion .
1583: England formally claims Newfoundland (
Humphrey Gilbert ).
1585:
Roanoke Colony founded by English on Roanoke Island, North Carolina, failed in 1587
1598: Failed French settlement on
Sable Island off Nova Scotia.
1598: Spanish settlement in
Northern New Mexico .
1600: By 1600 Spain and Portugal were still the only significant colonial powers. North of Mexico the only settlements were Saint Augustine and the isolated outpost in northern New Mexico. Exploration of the interior was largely abandoned after the 1540s. Around Newfoundland 500 or more boats annually were fishing for cod and some fishermen were trading for furs, especially at Tadoussac on the Saint Lawrence.
Seventeenth century
Map of the northern part and parts of the southern parts of the Americas, from the mouth of the Saint Laurent River to the Island of Cayenne,with the new discoveries of the Mississippi (or Colbert) River. This map shows the results of the expeditions of Father Marquette and L. Jolliet (1673) and the Cavelier de la Salle expedition in the Mississippi valley. The map shows three forts built between 1679 and 1680: Conty fort (near Niagara Falls), Miamis Fort (south of Michigan lake), and Crèvecœur fort (Left bank of the Illinois River). Mississippi river course is only shown upstream of the Ohio confluence. Map by French Claude Bernou in 1681
1620 –
St. John's, Newfoundland – English
1620 –
Plymouth Colony – English
1621 –
Nova Scotia – Scottish
1622 –
Province of Maine – English
1623 –
Portsmouth – English
1623 –
Stage Point – English
1623 –
Dover – English
1623 –
Pannaway – English
1623 –
New Castle – English
1623 –
Fort Nassau – Dutch
1624 –
St. Kitts – English
1624 –
Governors Island – Dutch
1624 –
New Amsterdam – Dutch
1625 –
Cape Breton – Scottish
1626 –
Salem – English
1630 –
Massachusetts Bay Colony – English
1630 –
Pavonia – Dutch
1631 –
Saint John, New Brunswick – English
1632 –
Williamsburgh – English
1633 –
Fort Hoop – Dutch
1633 –
Windsor, Connecticut – English
1634 –
Maryland Colony – English
1634 –
Wethersfield – English
1635 –
Territory of Sagadahock – English
1635 –
Saybrook Colony - English
1636 –
Providence Plantations – English
1636 –
Connecticut Colony – English
1638 –
New Haven Colony – English
1638 –
Fort Christina – Swedish
1638 –
Exeter – English
1638 –
Hampton, New Hampshire - English
[12]
1639 –
Bridgeport, Connecticut – English
1639 –
Newport – English
1639 –
San Marcos – Spanish
1640 –
New Stockholm – Swedish
1640 –
Swedesboro – Swedish
1642 –
Montreal – French
1651 –
Fort Casimir – Dutch
1652 -
York, Maine
1653 -
Biddeford, Maine
1658 -
Scarborough, Maine
1660 –
Bergen – Dutch
1665 –
Elizabethtown – English
1666 –
Newark – English
1668 –
Sault Ste. Marie (Michigan) - French,
1669 –
English Neighborhood – Dutch, English,
1670 –
Charleston – English
1678 –
New Paltz, New York – French
1679 –
Acquackanonk – Dutch
[13]
[14]
1680 –
Fort Crevecoeur (Peoria, Illinois) – French
1680 -
El Paso - Spanish
1682 –
Pennsylvania – English
1683 –
Fort Saint Louis (Illinois) – French
1683 –
East New Jersey – Scottish
1684 –
Stuarts Town, Carolina – Scottish
1685 –
Fort Saint Louis (Texas) – French
1686 –
Arkansas Post - French
1691 – Fort Pimiteoui (
Fort Crevecoeur , Peoria, Illinois) – French
1698 –
Pensacola, Florida – Spanish
1699 –
Louisiana – French
Eighteenth century
References
^
"Visiting Taos - Taos County Chamber of Commerce, NM" . www.taoschamber.com . Retrieved April 15, 2024 .
^
Samuel Eliot Morison , The European Discovery of America (1971).
^ William Langer, ed.. An Encyclopedia of World History (5th ed. 1973)
^ Melvin E. Page, ed. Colonialism: An International Social, Cultural, and Political Encyclopedia (3 vol. 2003); vol. 2 pages 648-831 has a detailed chronology
^ Birgitta Wallace, "The Norse in Newfoundland: L'Anse aux Meadows and Vinland." Newfoundland and Labrador Studies 19.1 (2005).
online
^ Samuel Eliot Morison, Admiral of the ocean sea." A live of Christopher Columbus (1942).
^ Antonio de Herrera y Tordesillas, Historia general de los hechos de los Castellanos en las islas y tierr firme del Mar Oceano (General History of the Deeds of the Castilians on the Islands and Mainland of the Ocean Sea), Madrid, 1601-1615
^ First Arrivals,
http://nationalhumanitiescenter.org/pds/amerbegin/settlement/text1/text1read.htm
^ Samuel Eliot Morison, The European Discovery of America (1971).
^
"GOMES, ESTEVÃO - Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online" . Retrieved March 18, 2012 .
^ Douglas Hunter (August 31, 2010).
Half Moon: Henry Hudson and the Voyage That Redrew the Map of the New World . Bloomsbury Publishing USA. p. 136.
ISBN
978-1-60819-098-0 . Retrieved March 18, 2012 .
^ Joseph Dow (1894).
History of the Town of Hampton, New Hampshire: From Its Settlement in 1638, to the Autumn of 1892 . Salem Press Publishing and Printing Company.
^
"Dundee Island Park" .
^ Scott, William Winfield (1922).
"History of Passaic and Its Environs ...: Historical-biographical" .