Timeline_of_Bukavu References

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo.

20th century

1924 - Bukavu becomes part of the newly formed administrative Province Orientale in colonial Belgian Congo.^(
fr)
1925 - Seat of Kivu District relocated to Bukavu from Rutshuru.^[1]
1927 - Bukavu renamed "Costermansville" after Belgian colonial official Paul Costermans.^[1]
1929 - Catholic Apostolic Vicariate of Kivu established.^[2]
1927 - Zoological and Forest Reserve of Mount Kahuzi established near Costermansville.
1938 - Collège Notre Dame de la Victoire [ fr] founded by Catholic Pères Blancs.
1942 - Catholic, Swahili-French language Hodi newspaper begins publication.^[3]
1951
- Catholic Our Lady of Peace Cathedral built.
- Bushi Football Club founded.^{[
  citation needed]}
1953
- Costermansville renamed "Bukavu."^[1]
- La Presse Africaine newspaper begins publication.^[4]^[3]
1958 - Bukavu attains city status.^{[
citation needed]}
1961
- Denis Maganga Igomokelo becomes mayor.^{[
  citation needed]}
- École de régence [ fr] (school) established.
1967 - 9 August: City taken by rebel Katangan forces.^[5]
1970 - Kahuzi-Biéga National Park established near city.
1975 - Population: 146,504 (estimate).^[6]
1984 - Population: 167,950 (estimate).^[7]
1989 - City becomes part of the newly formed South Kivu province.^[8]
1993 - Radio Maendeleo [ fr] begins broadcasting.^{[
citation needed]}
1994
- Rwandan war refugees flee to Bukavu.^[8]
- Population: 201,569 (estimate).^[8]
1996 - October: City taken by Alliance of Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Congo.^[8]
1999 - Panzi Hospital established.
2000 - Congolese war refugees arrive in Bagira.

21st century

2004 - May–June: Violent conflict between rebel and national forces.^[8]
2007 - 13 June: Journalist Serge Maheshe [ fr] killed.^[9]
2008
- 3 February: 2008 Lake Kivu earthquake.^[10]
- 22 November: Mass graves found on land owned by Rally for Congolese Democracy party member.^[8]
- Zita Kavungirwa Kayange becomes mayor.^{[
  citation needed]}
- OC Bukavu Dawa wins Coupe du Congo football contest.
2010
- 17 October: Women demonstrate "to demand an end to a wave of mass rapes."^[8]
- Marcellin Cishambo [ fr] becomes governor of South Kivu province.
2012 - 12 February: Airplane carrying politicians crashes in Bukavu; Augustin Katumba Mwanke [ de] killed.^[11]
2014
- February: Political rally; crackdown.^[12]
- 5 June: Prison break occurs.^[13]
2015
- January: 2015 Congolese protests.
- August: 2015 South Kivu earthquake
- Population: 295,665 (estimate).^[8]
- Saveur du Kivu coffee event begins.^[14]
- Lusenda refugee camp begins operating in vicinity of Bukavu.
2017
- 28 July: Prison break occurs.^[15]
- August: Cholera outbreak.^[16]
2022
- 2022 Bukavu floods

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Chamaa 1981.
^ "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Democratic Republic of the Congo". Norway: Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo. Retrieved 19 October 2017.
^ ^a ^b Mukala Kadima Nzuji [in French] (1984). La littérature zaïroise de langue française: 1945-1965 (in French). Éditions Karthala. ISBN 978-2-86537-100-6.
^ "La "Presse africaine", une aventure très belge", Lalibre.be (in French), 30 June 2010
^ "Democratic Republic of the Congo". Political Chronology of Africa. Political Chronologies of the World. Europa Publications. 2001. ISBN 0203409957.
^ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office. "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1980. New York. pp. 225–252.
^ "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2000. United Nations Statistics Division.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Emizet Francois Kisangani (2016). Historical Dictionary of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (4th ed.). Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 9781442273160.
^ "Democratic Republic of Congo Profile: Timeline". BBC News. Retrieved 16 October 2017.
^ "Great Lakes hit by deadly quakes", BBC News, 3 February 2008
^ Claude Simons (2013), "Democratic Republic of the Congo", in Andreas Mehler; et al. (eds.), Africa Yearbook: Politics, Economy and Society South of the Sahara in 2012, vol. 9, Koninklijke Brill, pp. 241–254, ISBN 9789004256002, ISSN 1871-2525
^ "RDC: retour au calme à Bukavu", Rfi.fr (in French), 21 February 2014
^ "RDC: au moins 300 détenus s'évadent de la prison de Bukavu", Rfi.fr (in French), 6 June 2014
^ "Congo's Specialty Brews Look to Be the 'Future of Coffee'", New York Times, 23 August 2017
^ "RDC: des prisonniers s'échappent de la prison de Bukavu, à l'est du pays", Rfi.fr (in French), 29 July 2017
^ "Democratic Republic of Congo: South Kivu cholera outbreak threatens to spread out of control". Médecins Sans Frontières. 30 August 2017.

This article incorporates information from the French Wikipedia.

Bibliography

Samir Chamaa; Ahobangeze Ndagiriyehe (1981). "Evolution et structure de la population de Bukavu". Cahiers d'Outre-Mer (in French). 34 – via Persee.fr.
John Le Carré (20 September 2007), "Une réalité si stupéfiante...", Le Monde (in French), Paris
Léon de Saint Moulin [in Lingala] (2010). "Bukavu". Villes et organisation de l'espace en République Démocratique du Congo (in French). L'Harmattan. ISBN 978-2-296-25787-0.

External links

"(Bukavu)". Contemporary History Library Catalogue. Belgium: Royal Museum for Central Africa. (Bibliography)
"(Bukavu)". Mukanda: ressources documentaires sur l'Afrique centrale (in French). France: University of Lorraine. (Bibliography)
"(Bukavu)". Internet Library Sub-Saharan Africa. Germany: Frankfurt University Library. (Bibliography)
"(Bukavu)". Connecting-Africa. Leiden, Netherlands: African Studies Centre. (Bibliography)
"(Bukavu)". AfricaBib.org. (Bibliography)
Items related to Bukavu, various dates (via Europeana)
Items related to Bukavu, various dates (via Digital Public Library of America)

Images

Map of Bukavu area, 1981
Aerial view of Bukavu, 2015
Aerial view of Bukavu and Lake Kivu, 2015

[FOOTNOTEChamaa1981-1] Chamaa 1981.

[katolsk-2] "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Democratic Republic of the Congo". Norway: Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo. Retrieved 19 October 2017.

[Kadima1984-3] Mukala Kadima Nzuji [in French] (1984). La littérature zaïroise de langue française: 1945-1965 (in French). Éditions Karthala. ISBN 978-2-86537-100-6.

[4] "La "Presse africaine", une aventure très belge", Lalibre.be (in French), 30 June 2010

[5] "Democratic Republic of the Congo". Political Chronology of Africa. Political Chronologies of the World. Europa Publications. 2001. ISBN 0203409957.

[6] United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office. "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1980. New York. pp. 225–252.

[7] "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2000. United Nations Statistics Division.

[Kisangani2016-8] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Emizet Francois Kisangani (2016). Historical Dictionary of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (4th ed.). Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 9781442273160.

[bbc-timeline-9] "Democratic Republic of Congo Profile: Timeline". BBC News. Retrieved 16 October 2017.

[10] "Great Lakes hit by deadly quakes", BBC News, 3 February 2008

[11] Claude Simons (2013), "Democratic Republic of the Congo", in Andreas Mehler; et al. (eds.), Africa Yearbook: Politics, Economy and Society South of the Sahara in 2012, vol. 9, Koninklijke Brill, pp. 241–254, ISBN 9789004256002, ISSN 1871-2525

[12] "RDC: retour au calme à Bukavu", Rfi.fr (in French), 21 February 2014

[13] "RDC: au moins 300 détenus s'évadent de la prison de Bukavu", Rfi.fr (in French), 6 June 2014

[14] "Congo's Specialty Brews Look to Be the 'Future of Coffee'", New York Times, 23 August 2017

[15] "RDC: des prisonniers s'échappent de la prison de Bukavu, à l'est du pays", Rfi.fr (in French), 29 July 2017

[16] "Democratic Republic of Congo: South Kivu cholera outbreak threatens to spread out of control". Médecins Sans Frontières. 30 August 2017.

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v t e Years in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Congo Free State	1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908
Belgian Congo	1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960
Republic of Congo	1960 1961 1962 1963 1964
Democratic Republic of the Congo	1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971
Zaire	1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997
DR Congo	1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024

v t e Timelines of cities in Africa
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Central	Cameroon Douala Yaoundé Central African Republic Bangui Congo Republic Brazzaville DR Congo Bukavu Goma Kinshasa Kisangani Lubumbashi Gabon Libreville
East	Burundi Bujumbura Djibouti Djibouti Eritrea Asmara Ethiopia Addis Ababa Mekelle Kenya Mombasa Nairobi Rwanda Kigali Tanzania Dar es Salaam Zanzibar Uganda Kampala
South	Angola Benguela Luanda Botswana Gaborone Madagascar Antananarivo Malawi Lilongwe Mauritius Port Louis Mozambique Beira Maputo Namibia Windhoek South Africa Cape Town Durban Johannesburg Pietermaritzburg Port Elizabeth Pretoria Zambia Lusaka Zimbabwe Bulawayo Harare
Category:City timelines Lists of cities in Africa

20th century

21st century

See also

References

Bibliography

External links

Images