Thomas Taylor, engraving after
William Marshall, some time after 1633.
Thomas Taylor (1576–1632) was an English cleric. A
Calvinist, he held strong anti-Catholic views, and his career in the church had a long hiatus. He also attacked separatists, and wrote copiously, with the help of sympathetic patrons. He created a group of like-minded followers.[1]
Life
Taylor was born in 1576 in
Richmond, Yorkshire, where his father was known as a friend to
Puritans and silenced ministers. He distinguished himself at Cambridge, became a fellow and reader in Hebrew at
Christ's College.[2][3]
In a sermon delivered at
St. Mary's, Cambridge, in 1608, Taylor denounced Archbishop
Richard Bancroft's severe attitude towards Puritans. He was then silenced by
Samuel Harsnet and threatened with degradation.[2] There began a period of 17 years, in which Taylor apparently had no benefice. He had patrons, and is known to have been chaplain to
Edward Conway.[1] He was living at
Watford in 1612, and later moved to
Reading where his brother, Theophilus Taylor, was incumbent of St Lawrence Church from 1618 to 1640. Here young preachers gathered round him, among them being
William Jemmat, who later edited his works.[2]
On 22 January 1625, Taylor was chosen as the incumbent of
St Mary Aldermanbury, London. He continued there until about 1630 when, in poor health, he retired to
Isleworth for the country air.[2]
Taylor proceeded B.D. 1628. It was only with difficulty that Taylor obtained his degree of Doctor of Divinity at Cambridge, in 1630, in the teeth of opposition from
Matthew Wren. He was incorporated at Oxford, died at Isleworth in 1632 of
pleurisy. He was buried at St Mary Aldermanbury, Jemmat preaching his funeral sermon. The stenographer
Theophilus Metcalfe was his nephew.[2][1][4]
Works
Taylor was a prolific writer. Apart from printed sermons, he was author of:[2]
A threefold Alphabet of Christian Practice, 1618; republished 1688.
A Commentarie vpon the Epistle of St. Paul to Titus, Cambridge, 1619
A Mappe of Rome, five sermons preached on the
Gunpowder Plot, London, 1620. Translated into French by Jean Jaquemot, as La Mappe Romaine, Geneva, 1623, and republished with the third edition of the next work. The work opposed the
Spanish Match.[1]
The Parable of the Sower and of the Seed, London, 1621; 2nd edit., with engraved frontispiece, 1623; 3rd edit., (with A Mappe of Rome), 1634; translated into Dutch by
Josua Sand, Merck Teeckenen van een goet ende eerlick heerte; 2nd edit., Rotterdam, 1658.
A Man in Christ, 2nd edit., London, 1629, with which is Meditations from the Creatures, 4th edit. 1635.
The Practice of Repentance, laid downe in sundry directions, together with the Helpes, Lets, Signes and Motives, 2nd edit. 1629; 4th 1635.
Regula Vitae: The Rvle of the Law under the Gospel, London, 1631; reprinted 1635. A work against
antinomianism, it was answered by
Robert Towne in The Assertion of Grace, 1644.[5]
The Progresse of Saints to Fvll Holinesse, London, 1630; another edit. 1631. Dedicated to
Sir Robert Harley.[1]
Christ's Victorie over the Dragon, or Satan's Downfall, London.
Three treatises: The Pearle of the Gospell, The Pilgrim's Profession, and A Glasse for Gentlewomen, London, 1633.
The Principles of Christian Practice, 1635.
Christ Revealed, 1635, 4to; reprinted at the Lady Huntingdon seminary at
Trevecca, Wales, 1766, at Glasgow 1816, and translated into Welsh, Merthyr Tydvil, 1811.
Moses and Aaron, or the Types and Shadows . . . explained, 1653, with an introduction by William Jemmat, in which he calls Taylor "The illuminate doctor", a phrase copied by
Thomas Fuller and
Anthony Wood.
Collected editions of Taylor's works, none of them quite complete, were published:[2]
Andrew Atherstone, 'The Silencing of Paul Baynes and Thomas Taylor, Puritan Lecturers at Cambridge'. Notes and Queries, 54:4 (2007), 386–90. Publisher: Oxford University Press.
ISSN0029-3970.