The Dinosaur Heresies: New Theories Unlocking the Mystery of the Dinosaurs and Their Extinction is a 1986 book written by
Robert T. Bakker.[1][2]
The book sums up the extant evidence that indicates that
dinosaurs, rather than being
cold-blooded and wholly lizard-like, were
warm-blooded, agile creatures more similar to modern
birds than to
lizards or other
reptiles. Although controversial on publication in 1986,[3] much of The Dinosaur Heresies now represents the prevalent view in paleontological circles (although other parts have been outdated by more current research).[citation needed]
The main arguments used to show that dinosaurs were warm-blooded are:
Almost all animals that walk upright today are warm-blooded, and dinosaurs walked upright.
The
hearts of warm-blooded animals can pump much more effectively than the hearts of cold-blooded animals. Therefore, the giant
sauropod dinosaur Brachiosaurus must have had the type of heart associated with warm-blooded animals in order to pump blood all the way up to its head.
Dinosaurs such as Deinonychus led a very active life, which is much more compatible with a warm-blooded animal.
Some dinosaurs lived in northern
latitudes, where it would have been impossible for cold-blooded animals to keep warm.
The rapid rate of
speciation and
evolution found in dinosaurs is typical of warm-blooded animals and atypical of cold-blooded animals.
The predator/prey ratio of predatory dinosaurs to their prey is a signature trait of warm-blooded predators rather than cold-blooded ones.
Birds are warm-blooded. Birds evolved from dinosaurs, therefore a change to a warm-blooded metabolism must have taken place at some point; there is far more change between dinosaurs and their ancestors, the
archosaurs, than between dinosaurs and birds.
Warm-blooded metabolisms are evolutionary advantages for top predators and large herbivores; if the dinosaurs had not been warm-blooded, there should be fossil evidence showing mammals evolving to fill these ecological niches. No such evidence exists; in fact, mammals by the end of the
Cretaceous had become smaller and smaller from their
synapsid ancestors.
Dinosaurs grew rapidly, evidence for which can be found by observing cross-sections of their bones.
^Horner, John R. (1988). "The Dinosaur Heresies. New Theories Unlocking the Mystery of the Dinosaurs and Their Extinction. Robert T. Bakker". The Quarterly Review of Biology. 63 (2): 210–211.
doi:
10.1086/415850.
ISSN0033-5770.