From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Chemical compound
Tetramethylpyrazine , also known as ligustrazine , is a
chemical compound found in
nattō and in fermented
cocoa beans .
[1] In an observational study, tetramethylpyrazine was the dominant
volatile organic compound in one
sourdough starter .
[2] When purified, tetramethylpyrazine is a colorless solid. It is classified as an
alkylpyrazine . Its biosynthesis involves amination of
acetoin , the latter derived from
pyruvate .
[3] It exhibits potential
nootropic and antiinflammatory activities in rats.
[4]
[5]
References
^ Effect of mass and turning time on free amino acid, peptide-N, sugar and pyrazine concentration during cocoa fermentation. P Hashim, J Selamat, S Muhammad, S Kharidah and A Ali, Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 1998, Volume 78, pages 543–550.
doi :
10.1002/(SICI)1097-0010(199812)78:4<543::AID-JSFA152>3.0.CO;2-2
^ Landis, Elizabeth A.; Oliverio, Angela M (January 26, 2021).
"The diversity and function of sourdough starter microbiomes" . eLife . 10 : e61644.
doi :
10.7554/eLife.61644 .
PMC
7837699 .
PMID
33496265 .
^ Takuo Kosuge, Tahei Adachi & Hiroko Kamiya "Isolation Of Tetramethylpyrazine From Culture Of Bacillus Natto, And Biosynthetic Pathways Of Tetramethylpyrazine" Nature 1962, volume 195, 1103 .
doi :
10.1038/1951103a0
^ Wu, W; Yu, X; Luo, XP; Yang, SH; Zheng, D (2013). "Tetramethylpyrazine protects against scopolamine-induced memory impairments in rats by reversing the cAMP/PKA/CREB pathway". Behavioural Brain Research . 253 : 212–6.
doi :
10.1016/j.bbr.2013.07.052 .
PMID
23916742 .
S2CID
9100537 .
^ Kao, TK; Chang, CY; Ou, YC; Chen, WY; Kuan, YH; Pan, HC; Liao, SL; Li, GZ; Chen, CJ (2013). "Tetramethylpyrazine reduces cellular inflammatory response following permanent focal cerebral ischemia in rats". Experimental Neurology . 247 : 188–201.
doi :
10.1016/j.expneurol.2013.04.010 .
PMID
23644042 .
S2CID
20967364 .