The human genome is the complete set of
nucleic acid sequences for
humans, encoded as
DNA within the 23
chromosome pairs in
cell nuclei and in small DNA molecules found within
mitochondria. This includes both protein-coding DNA sequences and various types of
DNA that does not encode proteins. This schematic representation of the human diploid
karyotype shows the organization of the human genome into chromosomes, as well as annotated
bands and sub-bands as seen on
G banding. The diagram shows both the female (XX) and male (XY) versions of the 23rd chromosome pair. Chromosomal changes during the
cell cycle are displayed at the top center. The
human mitochondrial genome is shown to scale at the bottom left.Diagram credit:
Mikael Häggström