From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Frequency range, or type
PHY
Protocol
Release date
[1]
Frequency
Bandwidth
Stream
data rate
[2]
Allowable
MIMO streams
Modulation
Approximate range
Indoor
Outdoor
(GHz)
(MHz)
(Mbit/s)
1–7 GHz
DSSS
[3] , FHSS
[A]
802.11-1997
June 1997
2.4
22
1, 2
—
DSSS ,
FHSS
[A]
20 m (66 ft)
100 m (330 ft)
HR/DSSS
[3]
802.11b
September 1999
2.4
22
1, 2, 5.5, 11
—
CCK , DSSS
35 m (115 ft)
140 m (460 ft)
OFDM
802.11a
September 1999
5
5, 10, 20
6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, 54 (for 20 MHz bandwidth, divide by 2 and 4 for 10 and 5 MHz)
—
OFDM
35 m (115 ft)
120 m (390 ft)
802.11j
November 2004
4.9, 5.0
[B]
[4]
?
?
802.11y
November 2008
3.7
[C]
?
5,000 m (16,000 ft)
[C]
802.11p
July 2010
5.9
200 m
1,000 m (3,300 ft)
[5]
802.11bd
December 2022
5.9, 60
500 m
1,000 m (3,300 ft)
ERP -OFDM
[6]
802.11g
June 2003
2.4
38 m (125 ft)
140 m (460 ft)
HT -OFDM
[7]
802.11n (
Wi-Fi 4 )
October 2009
2.4, 5
20
Up to 288.8
[D]
4
MIMO-OFDM (64-
QAM )
70 m (230 ft)
250 m (820 ft)
[8]
40
Up to 600
[D]
VHT -OFDM
[7]
802.11ac (
Wi-Fi 5 )
December 2013
5
20
Up to 693
[D]
8
DL
MU-MIMO
OFDM (256-
QAM )
35 m (115 ft)
[9]
?
40
Up to 1600
[D]
80
Up to 3467
[D]
160
Up to 6933
[D]
HE -OFDMA
802.11ax (
Wi-Fi 6 ,
Wi-Fi 6E )
May 2021
2.4, 5, 6
20
Up to 1147
[E]
8
UL/DL
MU-MIMO
OFDMA (1024-
QAM )
30 m (98 ft)
120 m (390 ft)
[F]
40
Up to 2294
[E]
80
Up to 4804
[E]
80+80
Up to 9608
[E]
EHT -OFDMA
802.11be (
Wi-Fi 7 )
Dec 2024 (
est. )
2.4, 5, 6
80
Up to 11.5 Gbit/s
[E]
16
UL/DL
MU-MIMO
OFDMA (4096-
QAM )
30 m (98 ft)
120 m (390 ft)
[F]
160 (80+80)
Up to 23 Gbit/s
[E]
240 (160+80)
Up to 35 Gbit/s
[E]
320 (160+160)
Up to 46.1 Gbit/s
[E]
UHR
802.11bn (
Wi-Fi 8 )
May 2028 (
est. )
2.4, 5, 6, 42, 60, 71
320
Up to 100000 (100 Gbit/s)
16
Multi-link
MU-MIMO
OFDM (8192-
QAM )
?
?
WUR
[G]
802.11ba
October 2021
2.4, 5
4, 20
0.0625, 0.25 (62.5 kbit/s, 250 kbit/s)
—
OOK (multi-carrier OOK)
?
?
mmWave (
WiGig )
DMG
[10]
802.11ad
December 2012
60
2160 (2.16 GHz)
Up to 8085
[11] (8 Gbit/s)
—
OFDM
[A] , single carrier, low-power single carrier
[A]
3.3 m (11 ft)
[12]
?
802.11aj
April 2018
60
[H]
1080
[13]
Up to 3754 (3.75 Gbit/s)
—
single carrier, low-power single carrier
[A]
?
?
CMMG
802.11aj
April 2018
45
[H]
540, 1080
Up to 15015
[14] (15 Gbit/s)
4
[15]
OFDM , single carrier
?
?
EDMG
[16]
802.11ay
July 2021
60
Up to 8640 (8.64 GHz)
Up to 303336
[17] (303 Gbit/s)
8
OFDM , single carrier
10 m (33 ft)
100 m (328 ft)
Sub 1 GHz (
IoT )
TVHT
[18]
802.11af
February 2014
0.054– 0.79
6, 7, 8
Up to 568.9
[19]
4
MIMO-OFDM
?
?
S1G
[18]
802.11ah
May 2017
0.7, 0.8, 0.9
1–16
Up to 8.67
[20] (@2 MHz)
4
?
?
Light (
Li-Fi )
LC (
VLC /
OWC )
802.11bb
December 2023 (
est. )
800–1000 nm
20
Up to 9.6 Gbit/s
—
O-
OFDM
?
?
IR
[A] (
IrDA )
802.11-1997
June 1997
850–900 nm
?
1, 2
—
PPM
[A]
?
?
802.11 Standard rollups
802.11-2007 (802.11ma)
March 2007
2.4, 5
Up to 54
DSSS ,
OFDM
802.11-2012 (802.11mb)
March 2012
2.4, 5
Up to 150
[D]
DSSS ,
OFDM
802.11-2016 (802.11mc)
December 2016
2.4, 5, 60
Up to 866.7 or 6757
[D]
DSSS ,
OFDM
802.11-2020 (802.11md)
December 2020
2.4, 5, 60
Up to 866.7 or 6757
[D]
DSSS ,
OFDM
802.11me
September 2024 (
est. )
2.4, 5, 6, 60
Up to 9608 or 303336
DSSS ,
OFDM
^
a
b
c
d
e
f
g This is obsolete, and support for this might be subject to removal in a future revision of the standard
^ For Japanese regulation.
^
a
b
IEEE 802.11y-2008 extended operation of 802.11a to the licensed 3.7 GHz band. Increased power limits allow a range up to 5,000 m. As of 2009
[update] , it is only being licensed in the United States by the
FCC .
^
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i Based on short
guard interval ; standard guard interval is ~10% slower. Rates vary widely based on distance, obstructions, and interference.
^
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h For single-user cases only, based on default
guard interval which is 0.8 microseconds. Since multi-user via
OFDMA has become available for 802.11ax, these may decrease. Also, these theoretical values depend on the link distance, whether the link is line-of-sight or not, interferences and the
multi-path components in the environment.
^
a
b The default
guard interval is 0.8 microseconds. However, 802.11ax extended the maximum available
guard interval to 3.2 microseconds, in order to support Outdoor communications, where the maximum possible propagation delay is larger compared to Indoor environments.
^ Wake-up Radio (WUR) Operation.
^
a
b For Chinese regulation.
Template documentation
References
^
"Official IEEE 802.11 working group project timelines" . January 26, 2017. Retrieved 2017-02-12 .
^
"Wi-Fi CERTIFIED n: Longer-Range, Faster-Throughput, Multimedia-Grade Wi-Fi Networks" (PDF) .
Wi-Fi Alliance . September 2009.
^
a
b Banerji, Sourangsu; Chowdhury, Rahul Singha. "On IEEE 802.11: Wireless LAN Technology".
arXiv :
1307.2661 .
^
"The complete family of wireless LAN standards: 802.11 a, b, g, j, n" (PDF) .
^
The Physical Layer of the IEEE 802.11p WAVE Communication Standard: The Specifications and Challenges (PDF) . World Congress on Engineering and Computer Science. 2014.
^ IEEE Standard for Information Technology- Telecommunications and Information Exchange Between Systems- Local and Metropolitan Area Networks- Specific Requirements Part Ii: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications. (n.d.). doi:10.1109/ieeestd.2003.94282
^
a
b
"Wi-Fi Capacity Analysis for 802.11ac and 802.11n: Theory & Practice" (PDF) .
^ Belanger, Phil; Biba, Ken (2007-05-31).
"802.11n Delivers Better Range" . Wi-Fi Planet . Archived from
the original on 2008-11-24.
^
"IEEE 802.11ac: What Does it Mean for Test?" (PDF) . LitePoint . October 2013. Archived from
the original (PDF) on 2014-08-16.
^
"IEEE Standard for Information Technology" . IEEE Std 802.11aj-2018 . April 2018.
doi :
10.1109/IEEESTD.2018.8345727 .
^
"802.11ad - WLAN at 60 GHz: A Technology Introduction" (PDF) . Rohde & Schwarz GmbH. November 21, 2013. p. 14.
^
"Connect802 - 802.11ac Discussion" . www.connect802.com .
^
"Understanding IEEE 802.11ad Physical Layer and Measurement Challenges" (PDF) .
^
"802.11aj Press Release" .
^
"An Overview of China Millimeter-Wave Multiple Gigabit Wireless Local Area Network System" . IEICE Transactions on Communications . E101.B (2): 262–276. 2018.
doi :
10.1587/transcom.2017ISI0004 .
^
"IEEE 802.11ay: 1st real standard for Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) via mmWave – Technology Blog" . techblog.comsoc.org .
^
"P802.11 Wireless LANs" . IEEE. pp. 2, 3. Archived from
the original on 2017-12-06. Retrieved Dec 6, 2017 .
^
a
b
"802.11 Alternate PHYs A whitepaper by Ayman Mukaddam" (PDF) .
^
"TGaf PHY proposal" . IEEE P802.11. 2012-07-10. Retrieved 2013-12-29 .
^
"IEEE 802.11ah: A Long Range 802.11 WLAN at Sub 1 GHz" (PDF) . Journal of ICT Standardization . 1 (1): 83–108. July 2013.
doi :
10.13052/jicts2245-800X.115 .