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If you're going to take the time to write or rewrite it, please use proper English. 66.26.95.207 ( talk) 00:06, 13 July 2012 (UTC)
The text on this page began as a direct copy of a page from the US Center of Disease Control web site. [1] I'm not marking it as a copyvio yet, because I *think* this is okay... I think that official US government information can't be copyrighted - is this correct? Even if there's no legal problem, I think there should be a disclaimer on the page citing its original source, and the section names shouldn't be questions. - Brian Kendig 07:11, 18 Jan 2005 (UTC)
I read the entire article and it doesn't mention anywhere that the bacterium can be contracted from soil. The bacteria also lives in soil worldwide. If someone doesn't want to edit this I will, but I have better things to do. -- metta, The Sunborn ☥ 19:27, 18 Jan 2005 (UTC)
There is currently a second outbreak going on in Norway [2], 5 dead so far, 29 (93 suspected) confirmed infected, source is as of yet unknown. Dunno how often these outbreaks happen worldwide so it might not be worth mentioning, but I noticed the previous outbreak in Savanger was mentioned so I though I'd mention this one. Seeng as this is still "breaking news" I guess it's not wikipedia material yet, but once the dust settles it might be worth adding a paragraph about it. -- Sherool 12:01, 25 May 2005 (UTC)
It has been confirmed that 17 people have been killed by LD, it is believed that another 2 cases have appeared (October 12th, 2005)
http://www.abc.net.au/science/news/stories/s1549987.htm France, 2004. 21 Dead, 65 with disease. -- Copeland.James.H 21:31, 31 May 2006 (UTC)
http://www.hcinfo.com/outbreaks-news.htm#Return%20to%20list http://www.legionella.com/Documents/Fatal-legionnaires-outbr.pdf March 2006 One 85-year-old man died, and 9 people had legionnaires' disease. The outbreak A cooling tower caused the outbreak in Preston, near Melbourne Australia. -- Copeland.James.H 21:16, 31 May 2006 (UTC)
Malta requires that Fountains (espcially indoors) have weekly cleaning and disinfection. Malta Dept. of Information Page 30 of 36 -- Copeland.James.H 19:10, 30 June 2006 (UTC)
I just finished about 8 hours of work on this article. I started out making some piece-meal changes. Then I decide to copy it into my Sandbox, re-work it completely and then install the re-worked version here. My changes included: copy editing, Wikifying the writing style, adding a few references, consolidating (i.e., merging) some of the sections), and re-arranging the order of some sections. In my opinion, the article is much more coherent now. It probably still needs some work (in particular, more source references). Also, I don't understand why the section entitled "Infections" is included ... I can't see what purpose it serves. Could it be deleted?? - mbeychok 03:58, 2 July 2006 (UTC)
I changed the Barrow outbreak source to cooling tower, the Bellevue Stratford Philly to unknown 1976
Added links to some outbreaks and added support and discussion groups, also added comments that it was never proved the Bellevue was the cause of the legionnaires disease outbreak
-- Noigel2000 14:19, 5 July 2006 (UTC)
You should read my first outbreak page, these comments by Dr Yu
The disease is still being misdiagnosed as pneumonia in many cases, according to Dr. Victor L. Yu. Yu, one of the most zealous researchers of the disease nationwide, is the chief of the Oakland VA medical center's infectious disease section.
He is displeased that the public carries misperceptions about the 1976 outbreak. Some still believe the source of the bacterium to be the Bellevue-Stratford's air conditioning system when, in fact, the source has never been identified, Yu said. "It disturbs us because many of these people are physicians," Yu said. "This is one of the great modern myths."
Visit his site at
-- Noigel2000 21:31, 5 July 2006 (UTC)
Taken from the commemoration of CDC’s 50th anniversary, MMWR reprinted this historical article.
Reprinted is the initial report published August 6, 1976, on an outbreak of respiratory illness among persons who attended an American Legion convention in Philadelphia during the summer of 1976.
Following that report is the special issue of MMWR published January 18, 1977, which announced the identification of the bacterium that caused Legionnaires disease.
A copy of the report is on my first outbreak page
http://www.q-net.net.au/~legion/Legionnaires_Disease_Worlds_First_Outbreak.htm
You can try searching the MMWR pages for the report
-- Noigel2000 00:51, 6 July 2006 (UTC)
I wonder why you dont know what MMWR stands for its the official mag of the CDC
The Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report , Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
A copy of this is on my first outbreak page, atr the time there was no link back to CDC for this item as it was a special presentation
I spend 16 hours aday on my comp, I cant look out for everyone, I search the net on the slightest piece of information I dont expect people to wet nurse me I check for myself, the link you have which states the cooling tower is really not a true article and written by students
I will put this link on the page and change the source to unknown
http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00045731.htm -- Noigel2000 07:10, 6 July 2006 (UTC)
I will add that i search the net on the slighted piece of information I get, I dont expect people to give me things on a plate, I cant see the point of me having a CDC article on my pages and then putting a link back to the source, whats the point of my pages if i do that
-- Noigel2000 07:29, 6 July 2006 (UTC)
Same as this place its all click click click, no point really, spend a couple of hours on my pages and you will learn everything about LD
Forgot to say the official total of cases is 180 with 29 deaths
-- Noigel2000 07:52, 6 July 2006 (UTC)
You need to show me a citation from the CDC who investigated the outbreak that says the cooling tower was at fault, which I know you cant do, you can point to citations written by Phd's and MD's that write about the outbreak saying the cooling tower was to blame, but you cant show me one thats official, The truth must be told here for people to read....so show me an official document that says the tower was to blame and I have not put MMWR up on the legionellose page, you avoid the issue, i said you should know what MMWR stands for
Now show me a document that blames the tower
-- Noigel2000 00:17, 7 July 2006 (UTC)
Ghad! CDC is not the only source of valid conclusions regarding such an event, especially after some time has passed. CDC was primarily interested in identifying the agent. They did that and others went on to use that information both in evaluating the Philadelphia incident and in dealing with other clusters of this disease.
For Wikipedia one important item is the fact, which YOU acknowledge, that most people believe the cooling system was the source. I am confident that we are never going to have more definitive information on the source than we have now. Even 15 years ago too much time had passed to expect to get better information. So, many/most think it was the cooling system, as has been shown to be the case in many other clusters. Some, or perhaps just two, say the cooling system was not conclusively shown to be the source (but apparently don't offer an alternative suggestion). Both opinions are now represented in the article. The goal is a good article, not to express the "one true fact." Let's move on. Pzavon 02:09, 7 July 2006 (UTC)
Perhaps you could point me to the official findings on this were it states the cooling tower was at fault, most people only believe its the cooling tower because misinformed people keep writing that its the cooling tower. In early outbreaks after the bellevue there was a number of hospital outbreaks whos cooling towers were blamed when in fact it was the HWS. and anyhow where did you pop up from Pzavon
-- Noigel2000 06:28, 7 July 2006 (UTC)
Noigel, in your last edit,when you changed a link (at the bottom of the section on Philadelphia) to a reference you closed the reference with ,/ref> which is incorrect syntax. It should have been </ref>. As a result of that incorrect syntax, all of the article beyond that point was deleted. You really must be more careful of what you do and you should use the "Preview" button to check the whole article before you submit an edit concerning References. I have fixed it now. - mbeychok 17:10, 7 July 2006 (UTC)
I think that was my error, not Noigel's. Sorry. Pzavon 01:59, 8 July 2006 (UTC)
First it says that legionellosis is "also known as" Legionnaires' disease, then it says legionellosis has two forms, one of which is Legionnaires' disease. Not logical!-- BillFlis 12:04, 16 July 2006 (UTC)
Maybe that is a deleted reference to "pontiac disease"? The article starts talking about Pontiac disease with no introduction or explanation, or link. /mjp ( talk) 05:04, 16 December 2009 (UTC)
James, this is an article about the disease Legionellosis and you are trying to turn it into a tedious, detailed maintenance manual on how to control Legionella in cooling towers. Everything you added is covered in even greater detail by the 11 external links prominently listed in the existing section "Gudelines for control of Legionella in cooling towers". Why clutter up this article with material covered in those referenced guidelines and maintenance manuals?
I am reverting your changes back to the last version of this article by 72.155.218.238. PLEASE don't start a reversion war. - mbeychok 22:08, 16 July 2006 (UTC)
Me thinks its you trying to start a war mbeychok , its you that keeps changing things, put james article back or i will
you had the sauce to rewrite everything without asking and then pat yourself on the back...good job mbeychok well done, stuff the rest..opps Mongo noigels at it again can we ban him, go back to your knitting mbeychok or pop over to the middle east seems they need a good chemical engineer not sure what for though could be target pratice-- Noigel2000 07:51, 19 July 2006 (UTC)
Shucks not another clown on the page, seems you sll can alter the page other folks have msde alterations to, but i cant oh well will ask MONGO to ban you.... oppps thats mbeychok tune, sorry about that
If you study both legionella and legionellosis pages you have turned both of them into treatment for coolong towers and just reread the pages
take the following. people come to learn about legionella not cooling towers
Controlling potential sources of Legionella Common sources of Legionella include cooling towers used in industrial cooling water systems as well as in large central air conditioning systems, domestic hot water systems, fountains, and similar disseminators that draw upon a public water supply. Natural sources include freshwater ponds and creeks.
Recent research in the Journal of Infectious Diseases provides evidence that Legionella pneumophila, the causative agent of Legionnaires disease, can travel at least 6 km from its source by airborne spread. It was previously believed that transmission of the bacterium was restricted to much shorter distances. A team of French scientists reviewed the details of an epidemic of Legionnaires disease that took place in Pas-de-Calais in northern France in 2003–2004. There were 86 confirmed cases during the outbreak, of whom 18 perished. The source of infection was identified as a cooling tower in a petrochemical plant, and an analysis of those affected in the outbreak revealed that some infected people lived as far as 6–7 km from the plant.[3]
Several European countries established a working group known as the European Working Group for Legionella Infections (EWGLI)[4] to share knowledge and experience about monitoring potential sources of Legionella. That group has published guidelines about the actions to be taken to limit the number of colony forming units (i.e., the aerobic count) of micro-organisms per mL at 30°C (minimum 48 hours incubation):
Aerobic count Action required 10,000 or less System under control. more than 10,000 up to 100,000 Review program operation. The count should be confirmed by immediate re-sampling. If a similar count is found again, a review of the control measures and risk assessment should be carried out to identify any remedial actions. more than 100,000 Implement corrective action. The system should immediately be re-sampled. It should then be ‘shot dosed’ with an appropriate biocide, as a precaution. The risk assessment and control measures should be reviewed to identify remedial actions.
Temperature affects the survival of Legionellae as follows:
158 to 176 °F (70 to 80 °C): Disinfection range At 151 °F (66 °C): Legionellae die within 2 minutes At 140 °F (60 °C): Legionellae die within 32 minutes At 131 °F (55 °C): Legionellae die within 5 to 6 hours Above 122 °F (50 °C): They can survive but do not multiply 95 to 115 °F (35 to 46°C): Ideal growth range 68 to 122 °F (20 to 50°C): Legionellae growth range Below 68 °F: Legionellae can survive but are dormant The above data can be confirmed in an online article by Reliance World Wide.[5]
[edit] Guidelines for control of Legionella in cooling towers Many governmental agencies, cooling tower manufacturers and industrial trade organizations have developed design and maintenance guidelines for preventing or controlling the growth of Legionella in cooling towers. Below is a list of sources for such guidelines:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention - Procedure for Cleaning Cooling Towers and Related Equipment (pages 239 and 240 of 249) Cooling Technology Institute - Best Practices for Control of Legionella Association of Water Technologies - Legionella 2003 California Energy Commission - Cooling Water Management Program Guidelines For Wet and Hybrid Cooling Towers at Power Plants Marley Cooling Technologies - Cooling Towers Maintenance Procedures Marley Cooling Technologies - ASHRAE Guideline 12-2000 - Minimizing the Risk of Legionellosis Marley Cooling Technologies - Cooling Tower Inspection Tips {especially page 3 of 7} Tower Tech Modular Cooling Towers - Legionella Control GE Infrastructure Water & Process Technologies Betz Dearborn - Chemical Water Treatment Recommendations For Reduction of Risks Associated with Legionella in Open Recirculating Cooling Water Systems
*****************************************************************************
NOW ON THE LEGIONELLOSIS YOU GOT THIS LOT
YOU CHANGED BACK TO LEGIONELLA, VERY CONFUSING, SO WHAT PAGE AM I ON BOSS LEGIONELLA OR LEGIONELLOSIS
SHIFT THE LOT ON COOLING TOWERS TO THE COOLING TOWER PAGE AND GIVE FOLKS THE INFORMATION ON THE DISEASE THEY ARE LOOKING FOR
BEFORE YOU GO RUNNING TO MONGO, I BEAT YOU THERE, TOLD HIM TO GET SOMEONE ELSE TO READ THE PAGES
BECAUSE IF YOU DONT LOOK AT WHAT YOU HAVE DONE, I'M THINKING OF A MAJOR REWRITE WITH A FEW FRIENDS
BYE FOR NOW, WHOOPPS YOUR OUT OF BREATH ALL READY RUNNING TO MONGO
-- Noigel2000 15:10, 20 July 2006 (UTC)
Controlling the potential growth of Legionella in cooling towers Various studies have shown that some 40 to 60% of cooling towers tested contained Legionella.[5]
A recent research study provided evidence that Legionella pneumophila, the causative agent of Legionnaires' disease, can travel at least 6 km from its source by airborne spread. It was previously believed that transmission of the bacterium was restricted to much shorter distances. A team of French scientists reviewed the details of an epidemic of Legionnaires disease that took place in Pas-de-Calais in northern France in 2003–2004. There were 86 confirmed cases during the outbreak, of whom 18 perished. The source of infection was identified as a cooling tower in a petrochemical plant, and an analysis of those affected in the outbreak revealed that some infected people lived as far as 6–7 km from the plant.[6]
Several European countries established a working group known as the European Working Group for Legionella Infections (EWGLI)[7] to share knowledge and experience about monitoring potential sources of Legionella. That group has published guidelines about the actions to be taken to limit the number of colony forming units (i.e., the aerobic count) of micro-organisms per mL at 30°C (minimum 48 hours incubation):
Aerobic count Action required 10,000 or less System under control. more than 10,000 up to 100,000 Review program operation. The count should be confirmed by immediate re-sampling. If a similar count is found again, a review of the control measures and risk assessment should be carried out to identify any remedial actions. more than 100,000 Implement corrective action. The system should immediately be re-sampled. It should then be ‘shot dosed’ with an appropriate biocide, as a precaution. The risk assessment and control measures should be reviewed to identify remedial actions.
Temperature affects the survival of Legionellae as follows:[8]
158 to 176 °F (70 to 80 °C): Disinfection range At 151 °F (66 °C): Legionellae die within 2 minutes At 140 °F (60 °C): Legionellae die within 32 minutes At 131 °F (55 °C): Legionellae die within 5 to 6 hours Above 122 °F (50 °C): They can survive but do not multiply 95 to 115 °F (35 to 46°C): Ideal growth range 68 to 122 °F (20 to 50°C): Legionellae growth range Below 68 °F: Legionellae can survive but are dormant [edit] Guidelines for control of Legionella in cooling towers Many governmental agencies, cooling tower manufacturers and industrial trade organizations have developed design and maintenance guidelines for preventing or controlling the growth of Legionella in cooling towers. Below is a list of sources for such guidelines:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention - Procedure for Cleaning Cooling Towers and Related Equipment (pages 239 and 240 of 249) Cooling Technology Institute - Best Practices for Control of Legionella OSHA page on Legionellosis Association of Water Technologies - Legionella 2003 California Energy Commission - Cooling Water Management Program Guidelines For Wet and Hybrid Cooling Towers at Power Plants Marley Cooling Technologies - Cooling Towers Maintenance Procedures Marley Cooling Technologies - ASHRAE Guideline 12-2000 - Minimizing the Risk of Legionellosis Marley Cooling Technologies - Cooling Tower Inspection Tips {especially page 3 of 7} Tower Tech Modular Cooling Towers - Legionella Control GE Infrastructure Water & Process Technologies Betz Dearborn - Chemical Water Treatment Recommendations For Reduction of Risks Associated with Legionella in Open Recirculating Cooling Water Systems Wisconsin Division of Health, Control of Legionella in Cooling Towers: Summary Guidelines, June 1987, Wisconsin Department of Health and Social Sciences. The guidance issued by the UK government's Health and Safety Executive (HSE) now recommends that microbiological monitoring for wet cooling systems, using a dip slide, should be performed weekly.[9]
I'm reading this: "The first recognized outbreak occurred on July 27, 1976 at ... " which seems too precise; previously, it read "... in July 1976", which I thought was specific enough. If we're going to put an exact date, shouldn't it read "The first outbreak was first recognized on (date)"? or at most specific, "... was believed to start on (date)"? Does any reference clarify this?-- BillFlis 00:39, 28 July 2006 (UTC)
Hi there, I hope you all don't mind, I added another case of Legionnaires' disease that has recently occured in Bath, England. -- 207.174.142.110 16:00, 8 August 2006 (UTC)
Removed the current event tag from the Australia 2007 outbreak. No changes since March and it's now late May. Niels Olson 01:27, 21 May 2007 (UTC)
I tagged this article as having a vague intro. It's way too hard to understand. The name is also bad. It should be Legionnaires' disease with a section on Pontiac fever (see here) I will do all this at about 7:00 tommorrow if no one objects - Pheonix 21:02, 9 August 2007 (UTC)
this page needs to be tidied cleared Hongkonger ( talk) 04:39, 13 December 2007 (UTC)
No such outbreak and no source or citation, if real where is CDC MMWR? Also quotes some nonsense about infection from a "radiator system" which is in fact impossible. needs to be deleted Hongkonger ( talk) 04:40, 13 December 2007 (UTC)
External links to patient support groups (especially online chat boards), blogs, and fundraising groups normally not accepted on Wikipedia. Please read the external links policy and the specific rules for medical articles before adding more external links. WhatamIdoing ( talk) 00:41, 13 January 2008 (UTC)
I thought that we generally put pages like this at the common name (Legionnaire's Disease) not the scientific name (Legionellosis) ? Regards, Ben Aveling 00:11, 13 March 2008 (UTC)
as much as this is an encyclopedia it is not an index, I don't think it's resourceful to list every case of legionaires disease ever reported. Notable cases e.g. Philidelphia, Murcia fine, but when the local media reports two cases (here exaggerated to four in Dublin see http://www.rte.ie/news/2008/0708/legionnaires.html) it is not very noteworthy and should be ommitted. Otherwise we are endager of biasing English language Wikipedia towards English speaking nations (well it is already biased but we must stop the rot).
IF YOU ARE INTERESTING IN EDITING FOR THE SAKE OF HAVING EDITED ON WIKIPDIA MIGHT I SUGGEST YOU TIDY UP THE LIST BY CHECKING PAST CASES AND MAKING AN EDITORIAL DECISION ON THEIR WORTH AN EDITING OUT THOSE DEEMED TO BE UN WORTHY, RATHER THAN POINTLESSLY MAKING MEANINGLESS ADDITIONS.
Two people in Dublin contracted the disease, nobody died, there's over six billion of us left. It's not a big deal. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 195.128.2.68 ( talk) 15:21, 8 July 2008 (UTC)
As the above commentator noted, legionellosis is not an uncommon disease - the CDC estimates that 8-18,000 cases occur annually in the US alone. Wikipedia is not a list of legionellosis outbreaks. I've removed the following reports from the main article:
{{
cite web}}
: Text "Legionnaires' Disease Found at Las Vegas Strip Hotel" ignored (
help) It has also been confirmed that the disease was traced to the hotel's water system.I believe that Legionella Risk assessment should be deleted or merged into this one. Comments? 12:52, 15 January 2009 (UTC)—Preceding unsigned comment added by Power.corrupts ( talk • contribs)
"When the disease is caused by contact with the organism in a hospital, it is called a "nosocomial infection."" - I don't see this as helpful. Any infection contracted in a hospital is called nosocomial just like any health issue caused by a doctor is called iatrogenic. This isn't explanatory of Legionellosis; it's explanatory of nosocomial. /mjp ( talk) 05:08, 16 December 2009 (UTC)
The data in this article seems to be inconsistent from section to section.
In the list of outbreaks, the fatality rates range from 1.3% (Spain outbreak, using only the "confirmed" cases-- lower if the "estimated" number is used) to 18% (Norway outbreak, 10 out of 56).
But in the "Prognosis" section:
(I will note that it's a little confusing to see how the death rate can be "especially" close to 50% when antibiotics are started late. This means it's only "approximately" close to 50% otherwise?) Geoffrey.landis ( talk) 15:41, 24 January 2011 (UTC)
I live in the affected area of Edinburgh and have been following the story closely. I've updated the figures in line with the press release shown on BBC news 15:00 — Preceding unsigned comment added by 157.203.43.103 ( talk) 14:42, 6 June 2012 (UTC)
This section currently says "Surface organelles are made up from at least forty various protein components reconcile motile bacteria." (revision http://en.wikipedia.org/?title=Legionellosis&diff=462816453&oldid=462813733) which doesn't appear to make any sense at all. The cited paper says "Bacterial flagella are highly complex molecular machines. They are surface organelles assembled from over 40 different protein components that mediate bacterial motility." which at least is clear. I assume the rewrite was an attempt to not just copy text verbatim. However I'm not convinced this information is specific enough to this disease to warrant inclusion here, a link to flagella would probably do. In any case it's out of place in the middle of the first paragraph which isn't otherwise discussing the role of legionella flagella - the second paragraph appears to be trying to do that, but also in a particularly unclear/word-soup way. 81.134.152.4 ( talk) 18:05, 8 June 2012 (UTC)
See heading basically. As it is now, it looks like some of the notes in the table are more like an entire section rather then just notes. Because they are subsequently elongated, the table cells in some places are about 30 lines tall. It generally looks untidy as it is. Any objections to shortening the notes in an effort to get it looking more like... a table. Maybe even the remote chance of fitting it into one screen is on the cards? MrZoolook ( talk) 16:31, 19 June 2012 (UTC)
I moved the table of outbreaks to a separate article List of Legionellosis outbreaks and included the action tables, etc., to show governmental efforts to control outbreaks. That section seemed to go well with it. I also ordered the table by year. Before that it had no logical order. The page still needs a lot of work. The transmission and cause sections are redundant and the lede needs to be rewritten with citations. I'll do what I can over the weekend. Malke 2010 ( talk) 06:08, 23 March 2013 (UTC)