From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Tabasaran
Tabasaranar
Total population
c. 190,000
Regions with significant populations
  Russia151, 466 [1]
  Canada1245 [2]
  Ukraine900
  Israel6
Languages
Tabasaran
Religion
Sunni Islam
Related ethnic groups
Other Lezgic-speaking peoples
Especially Aghuls, Lezgins, and Udis

Tabasarans are a Northeast Caucasian ethnic group native predominantly to southern part of the North Caucasian republic of Dagestan. Their population in World is about 190,000. They speak the Tabasaran language.

History

The first state formation of Tabasaran was the state of Caucasian Albania, which arose at the end of the II century BC. The word Tabasaran, as a designation of the territory where Tabasarans live, came from the ancient name of this land "Tavaspark", and the name of the Tabasaran people came from the ancient ethnonym of the Tavaspars tribe. After the Arab invasion of the lands of Tabasaran, a huge number of Tabasarans died, many objects of their culture and history were destroyed, statehood was lost, and the innocent Tabasarans who lived in the coastal zone were forced to flee to the mountains. The only people who came to the aid of the Tabasarans in the fight against the nomads were the Lezgins.

Early period of history, Caucasian Albania

Caucasian Albania (agvan 𐔰𐔾𐔱𐔰𐕎𐔼𐔰 , Ancient Greek name Ἀλβανία and Latin Albanía, parf. 𐫀𐫡𐫅𐫀𐫗 [Ardan], grabar Աղուանք [Aluank]pehl. 𐭭𐭠𐭫𐭫𐭠/𐫀𐫡𐫡𐫀𐫗 [Arran], cargo. რაიი [Rani], sir. ܐܪܐܢ [Aran], Persian: رن [Ras]) was an ancient state formed at the end of the II century in Eastern Transcaucasia and occupied part of the territory of modern Azerbaijan, Georgia and Russia (Dagestan).

Tabasaran military commander (Abdul bey Tabasaran)

Language

The main language of the Tabasaran people is the Tabasaran language (табасаран чIал‎, tabasaran ҫ̇al), [3] which belongs to the Lezgic branch of Northeast Caucasian language family. It is closely related to neighbouring Lezgian and Aghul languages. [4] UNESCO classifies Tabasaran language as " vulnerable". [5] According to 2002 Russian census 97% of the Tabasaran can speak their ancestral language and a further 87% of them know Russian. [6]

Under Soviet control Tabasaran has become one of the official languages of Dagestan.

Religion

The vast majority of Tabasarans profess Sunni Islam and belong to the Shafi'i school. Some elements originated from pre-Islamic Tabasaran beliefs, such as deity names and annual spring celebration known as Elbetsan (Lezgin Yaran-Suvar) have been preserved in the contemporary Tabasaran society. [6] [7]

Economy

Tabasaran traditional economy has been based on agriculture and animal husbandry, as the regions inhabited by the group have a mild and warm climate with abundant water sources. Agriculturally grain farming, orchards and viticulture is common among the people. Carpet weaving, leatherworking, woolen clothes, woodworking and beekeeping form the domestic industries. [6]

Notable people

  • Rustam Muradov - Tabasaran military officer, serving as a Colonel General in the Russian Armed Forces.
  • Russian pole vaulter Yelena Isinbayeva and Kamal Khan-Magomedov, the 2015 European Games champion in men's Judo -66 kg, are both half-Tabasaran.
  • Zumrud Khanmagomedova, the first Tabasaran woman who received a higher education and the first Tabasaran poetess.
  • Magomed Hasanov - Tabasaran folklorist scientist
  • Mirza Kalukhsky - Tabasaran poet and national hero who led Tabasaran in the struggle against Persia and Shah Nadir. Mirza heroically died in the battle of the Andalal Valley
  • Gasret Rahimov - Tabasaran doctor of Medical Sciences
  1. ^ "Russian Census of 2021". (in Russian)
  2. ^ "About number and composition population of Ukraine by data All-Ukrainian census of the population 2001". Ukraine Census 2001. State Statistics Committee of Ukraine. Retrieved 17 January 2012.
  3. ^ "Tabasaran". Ethnologue. Retrieved 2021-07-02.
  4. ^ "Glottolog 4.4 - Tabasaran". glottolog.org. Retrieved 2021-07-02.
  5. ^ "Atlas of languages in danger | United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization". www.unesco.org. Retrieved 2021-07-02.
  6. ^ a b c Cole, Jeffrey E. (2011-05-25). Ethnic Groups of Europe: An Encyclopedia: An Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. ISBN  978-1-59884-303-3.
  7. ^ "Dagestan marks Nowruz". vestnikkavkaza.net. Retrieved 2021-07-02.